Unit 4 AOS 1 Flashcards
Income Levels of Countries
High, Middle and Low
Characteristics of Countries are divided into three categories
Economic, Social and Environmental
Economic Characteristics of Countries
- Poverty
- Global Trade
Social Characteristics of Countries
- Gender Equality
- Birth and Population rates
Environmental Characteristics of Countries
- Safe water and Sanitation
- High Levels of CO2 emissions
Links to Health Status and Health Wellbeing in regard to safe water for low and high-income countries
- How people access their water
- Quality of water
Links to HS and HW in regard to Sanitation for low and high-income countries
- Quality of toilet facilities
- Education levels of populations
Links to HS and HW in regard to Poverty for low and high-income countries
- Average incomes
- Susceptibility to Illness
Links to HS and HW in regard to Discrimination for low and high-income countries
- Chance for an education
- Mental Health due to discrimination
What is responsible for high smoking rates?
- Parents
- Health Literacy
- Companies targeting low-income countries
Effects of high smoking rates
Greater incidence and eventual prevalence of lung cancers due to smoking
Sustainability
Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs
Economic Sustainability
Ensuring that average incomes in all countries are adequate to sustain a decent standard of living and continue to rise in line with inflation and living costs in the future
What can maintain Economic Sustainability?
- Trade
- Economic Growth
- Job Creation
- Innovation and diversity of industries
Social Sustainability
Creating an equitable society that meets the needs of all citizens and can be maintained indefinitely
What can maintain Social Sustainability?
- Access to safe and decent working conditions
- Promotion of political and legal rights
- Peace
- Elimination of poverty and the provision of social protection systems
- Gender Equality
Environmental Sustainability
Ensuring the natural environment is used in a way that will preserve resources into the future
What can maintain Environmental Sustainability?
- Climate
- Biodiversity
- Natural resources
- Organically grown food
Describe the Human Development Index (HDI)
The HDI is a measure of a country’s social and economic development, providing a single statistic between 0 to 1, where the closer to 1, the more developed the country is. It consists of three dimensions; a long and healthy life, knowledge and a decent standard of living.
Elements of Human Development
- Lead long health lives
- Have access to knowledge and expand their choices and capabilities
Advantages of the Human Development Index
- Provides a single statistic providing ease of comparison between countries
- Provides an indication to the UN with data which they can use to allocate funding on initiatives and programmes for improvement
Disadvantages of the Human Development Index
- It doesn’t provide info on inequalities that exist in the countries as its based on averages
- No survey data is collected, therefore no personal health information is considered
Implication of Climate Change
- Rising sea levels
- Extreme Weather
- Health Implications
Implications of Conflict and Mass Migration
- Conflict can cause violence and injury
- Mass migration can mean large amounts of people do not have shelter and can therefore be exposed to disease
Implications of World Trade
- People may be displaced from their land due to governments seizing tribal land
- The government can use the money to aid the citizens in areas of society that can promote health and wellbeing
Implications of Tourism
- The tourism industry can source more employment opportunities
- Tourism can contribute to a rise in air and water pollution, jeopardising the standard of living that locals live at.
