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Honors World History A > Unit 4: Africa to 1500 Vocabulary > Flashcards

Unit 4: Africa to 1500 Vocabulary Flashcards

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1
Q

Savanna Definition

A

semiarid grassland

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1
Q

Migrating Definition

A

moving from one place to another

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2
Q

Subsistence Definition

A

producing just enough for survival

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3
Q

Animal Husbandry Definition

A

a branch of agriculture in which animals such as horses and cattle are domesticated

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4
Q

Cereal Grains Definition

A

seeds that come from crops such as wheat, rice, corn, rye, oats, barley, sorghum, and some millets

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5
Q

Protolanguage Definition

A

the ancestor language of a culture that no longer exists

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6
Q

Axum Definition

A

an empire in northeastern Africa near the junction of the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden, also called Aksum

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7
Q

Bab el-Mandeb Strait Definition

A

strait between Yemen on the Arabian Peninsula and Djibouti and Eritrea in the Horn of Africa

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8
Q

The Horn of Africa Definition

A

the easternmost peninsula on the African continent

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9
Q

Mediterranean Definition

A

the region surrounding the Mediterranean Sea

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10
Q

Sahara Definition

A

a large desert that runs from the western coast of Africa to the east coast, separating the northern region on the Mediterranean from regions to the south

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11
Q

Sub-Saharan Definition

A

regions below the Sahara in Africa

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12
Q

Swahili Definition

A

a word meaning “people of the coast” that derives from the Arabic “sahil”; also the name of the language in the Swahili Coast that derives from Arabic and Bantu

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13
Q

Swahili City-states Definition

A

a loosely connected collection of more than 35 independent cities that worked together to control trade off the Swahili Coast

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14
Q

Swahili Coast Definition

A

the region on the eastern coast of Africa where Arabs and Africans created the Swahili culture and language starting in the eighth century and city-states emerged as an economic power

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15
Q

Tributary Definition

A

typically refers to a stream that feeds water into a larger river; in governance and economics it is a smaller state that pays tribute (usually money or goods) to a larger state in exchange for protection or trade preference

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16
Q

Cape of Good Hope Definition

A

one of the southernmost parts of the African continent; ships traveling from the Atlantic Ocean to the Indian Ocean pass by this point of land

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17
Q

Trade Network Definition

A

a system of routes between countries or continents for buying and selling goods

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18
Q

Bureaucracy Definition

A

government administrative departments, may make policy

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19
Q

Clan Definition

A

a family group

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20
Q

Cleric Definition

A

a priest or religious leader

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21
Q

Convert Definition

A

a person who adopts a specific belief or faith

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22
Q

Djeli Definition

A

a member of a hereditary caste among the peoples of West Africa whose main function is to keep an oral history of the tribe or village

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23
Q

Enterprise Definition

A

a task or financial project

24
Q

Inflation Definition

A

an increase in cost of goods due to declining purchasing power of money

25
Q

Kin Definition

A

Family

26
Q

Mansa Definition

A

king of Mali

27
Q

Raiders Definition

A

a group that attacks suddenly, usually to steal

28
Q

Revenue Definition

A

income or money earned

29
Q

Sovereign Definition

A

the ultimate political power of the land

30
Q

Succession Definition

A

the process for what or who comes next

31
Q

Sunni Definition

A

a division of Islam that believes the leader of the faith should be selected by an elite group of followers and does not have to be a member of the prophet Muhammad’s family

32
Q

Bronze Age Definition

A

a period of history characterized by the bronze tools used in the development of contemporaneous civilizations

33
Q

Import Definition

A

a trade good brought into a civilization that was produced in another civilization

34
Q

Iron Age Definition

A

a period of history characterized by the use of iron tools

35
Q

Iron-smelting Definition

A

the process of melting iron to reduce impurities in the ore and craft ironworks

36
Q

Stone Age Definition

A

a period of history characterized by the use of stone tools

37
Q

Trans-Saharan Trade Network Definition

A

trade routes of northern Africa that were known for trading gold, salt, and other goods; trade route connecting East and West Africa along which most of the gold and salt that came from Africa was traded

38
Q

Abbasid Dynasty Definition

A

the successors to the Umayyads, ruling the Islamic empire from about 750 to 1258 CE; only minor territorial gains occurred during their rule

39
Q

Buddhism Definition

A

an Eastern religion, prominent in India and China, that seeks to understand the truths of the world, called the Four Noble Truths

40
Q

Mali Empire Definition

A

an empire in West Africa that followed the Ghana Empire; existed c. 1235–1670 CE

41
Q

Porcelain Definition

A

a shiny, hard pottery

42
Q

Song Dynasty Definition

A

a Chinese imperial dynasty between 960 and 1279 CE

43
Q

Tang Dynasty

A

a Chinese imperial dynasty between 618 and 907 CE

44
Q

Umayyad Dynasty Definition

A

began after the death of Ali, the last of the four “rightly guided caliphs” who ruled after Muhammad’s death; Umayyads ruled from 661 to about 750 CE, and most territorial expansion of the Islamic empire occurred during these years

45
Q

Zoroastrianism Definition

A

a religion based on the Iranian prophet Zoroaster, with a dual cosmology of good and evil

46
Q

Merchants Definition

A

traders who bought and sold goods for a living

47
Q

Mohammadans Definition

A

name given to the followers of the Muslim prophet Muhammad (those who follow Islam)

48
Q

Silk Road Definition

A

route that went through Asia, the Middle East, and reached eastern Europe in Constantinople; an ancient network of trade routes that connected China to the Mediterranean Sea and allowed for widespread cultural interaction

49
Q

Byzantine Empire Definition

A

a term used by historians to refer to the Roman Empire in the East that persisted until the 1400s; based around the city of Constantinople (formerly Byzantium)

50
Q

Constantinople Definition

A

the capital of the Byzantine Empire, located in both Asia and Europe; conquered by Mehmed II in 1453 despite its status as an impenetrable city; a major trading center because it connected the East with the West; now known as Istanbul in present-day Turkey

51
Q

Damascus Definition

A

an ancient city located in present-day Syria that was ruled by various Muslim dynasties throughout time

52
Q

Mehmed II Definition

A

an Ottoman sultan who ruled from 1444 to –1481; conquered the Byzantine Empire and Constantinople, earning him the title “the Conqueror”

53
Q

Ottoman Empire Definition

A

the powerful Muslim state established by Turkic peoples who settled in modern-day Turkey and other regions of West Asia; it conquered the remains of the Byzantine Empire in the 1400s

54
Q

Papacy Definition

A

the religious institution and bureaucracy of the Catholic Church, with the pope as its leader

55
Q

Samarkand Definition

A

trading hub located in present-day Uzbekistan; considered its own independent state until conquered by the Abbasid Caliphate

56
Q

Indian Ocean Trade Network Definition

A

a series of sailing routes across the Indian Ocean that connected Asia, Africa, and the Middle East

57
Q

Oasis Definition

A

a fertile area in a desert or arid region due to a freshwater source

Honors World History A (15 decks)

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