Unit 4 - Acid + Base, Redox, Molarity Flashcards
Strong Acid and Strong Base
Both Base and Acid will ionize completely
So the H+ and OH- will be left to interact with each other
H+(aq) + OH-(aq) –> H2O (l)
Weak Acid and Strong Base
The Acid will not ionize
The base will completely Ionize
OH- will pull some of the H+ off of the Acid
OH-(aq) + HAcid(aq) –> H2O(l) + Acid(Aq)
Strong Acid and Weak Base
The Acid will completely ionize
The Base will not ionize
- only weak base is NH3
The H+ will ionize and it will add itself to the already made H2O molecules to make H3O
- The base will come in and grab some of the H+ ions that are attached to the H3O –> making it H+ and H2O
B (aq) + H3O+ (aq) + Acid –> HB+ (aq) +H2O (l)
Weak Acid and Weak Base
None will ionize
- exchange only between the two, simple displacement reaction
HA (aq) + B(aq) –> A (aq) + HB(aq)
What causes a gas forming reaction?
When an Acid reacts with a metal
or when a strong base reacts with a salt
Metal Carbonate + Acid
Gas Forming Reaction
CO3,2-
carbonate + Acid –> metal salt + gas + water
CaCO3(S) + HA –> CA2 + H2CO3
- H2CO3 –> CO3 can react and it will release CO2
CaCO3(s) + HA –> CA2 + CO2 + H2O
Metal Sulfide + Acid
Gas Forming Reaction
- displacement simple reaction
- will leave with a metal salt and a gas
Na2S (s) + 2HCl (aq) –> 2NACl (s) + H2S(g)
Metal Sulfite + Acid
Gas Forming Reaction
Metal Sulfite + Acid –> metal salt + gas + water
Na2CO3(S) + HA –> CA2 + H2SO3
- H2SO3 –> SO2 can react and it will release SO2
- Na2SO3 (s) + HCl(aq) –> NaCl + H2O (l) + SO2(g)
Ammonium Salt + Strong Base
Metal Salt + NH3(gas) + H2O (l)
- Ammounium salt is a strong acid
- Base and Acid strong will make H2O
- Left is a metal salt and the base NH3 which is weak
Oxidization
The LOSING of electrons
Reduction
The ADDITION of electrons
Reducing Agent
The other molecule which recieves the electrons lost
–> what gets oxidized
Oxidizing Agent
The other molecules which give the electrons that will be added to the other element
–> what gets reduced
Oxidation charges
equal to the added of all elements in the compound
Oxidation charges of most elements
Equal to the charge it would be if it would turn into an ion