Unit 1 - Matter on the Atomic Scale Flashcards
What is the macroscopic scale?
Matter which can be seen by the naked eye and held
What is the atomic scale?
A Nanoscale and molecular scale, you cannot see whats happening with the atoms with the naked eye
How is matter classified?
The tree of how matter is build up upon its self – look at picture on slides for a image or just search
What are mixtures
2+ substances that are mixed together without a fixed ratio, and variable proportion of each.
No reaction, each substance has its own properties
How can the components of a mixture be sepaprated?
Through physical properties (filtration or evaporation etc)
What is a Homogeneous Mixture?
A mixture which consists of 2+ substances that are in one uniform phase: You have a drink and put a drink mix in it.
What is a pure substance?
- A compound or element that has unique physical properties
- it has known chemical properties
- cannot be separated by physical processed
What is an element
A substance that is composed of only one TYPE of Atom (not quantity H2 is still a element)
Can an element be broken into a simpler substance?
nauwr
What is a compound?
A molecular complex which is composed of 2+ different TYPES of elements through a chemical bond
can compounds be broken into simpler substances?
YEAAAAS!!!!!!!!
What causes a compounds properties to differ from one another?
The number and types of elements that make it up
- each type has a fixed ratio, it can multiply but only with that set amount of elements to elements
What is complete combustion
It is a reaction which occurs when there is an unlimited supply or air (usually O2) in the air.
Allowing for the reaction to complete successfully
What is an incomplete Combustion?
When there is not enough O2 in the air and the combustion uses all the fuel in the reaction, producing a limiting number of products
What is Density
The measurement of how tightly a material is packed together
How do you find the measurement for an irregular shape?
Through water displacement
Conversion Factor: giga (G)
10^9
Conversion Factor: Mega (M)
10^6
Conversion Factor: kilo (k)
10^3
Conversion Factor: deci (d)
10^-1
Conversion Factor: Centi (c)
10^-2
Conversion Factor: milli (m)
10^-3
Conversion Factor: Micro (μ)
10^-6
Conversion Factor: nano (n)
10^-9
Conversion factor: Meter (m)
10^1
What is the difference between Percision and Accuracy?
Data Point: 90
Precision focuses more on how close the data is close together (1,1.5,2,2.25)
Accuracy Focuses more on how the data matches up with the data point (91,93,1,63,30)
Scientific Notation
- Way to express the precision of a measurement
- more comprehensible number (0.00001 –> 1 x 10^4)
What are Sig Figs?
Which digits that can be certain + one extra digit at the end
How many Sig Figs: 269
3 (2, 6, 9)
How many Sig Figs: 209
3 (2, 0, 9)
How many Sig Figs: 2.9209
5 (2, 9, 2, 0, 9)
How many Sig Figs: 0.0045
2 (4, 5)
How many Sig Figs: 22.000
5 (2, 2, 0, 0, 0)
How many Sig Figs: 1000
1 (1)
Sig Fig of result after addition or subtraction
The number of decimal places is equal to the number with the fewest decimal points.
Sig Fig of result after division or multiplication
The number of sig figs are equal to the value with the smallest sig figs
Sig Fig of result after addition/subtraction and then afterwards Multiplication/Division
The number of sig figs are equal to the value with the smallest sig figs
Sig Fig of result after Multiplication/Division and then afterwards addition/subtraction
The number of decimal places is equal to the number with the fewest decimal points.
