Unit 4 Flashcards by Marcia Young

Q

beautiful winged horse; sprang from Medusa’s neck

A

Pegasus

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Q

bronze robot who protects Crete

A

Talos

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Q

clever king of Corinth

A

Sisyphus

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Q

den or dwelling of a large beast

A

lair

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Q

everything he touched turned to gold

A

King Midas

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Q

fire-breathing beast, made of a lion, goat, serpent

A

Chimera

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Q

founded Olympic Games

A

Pelops

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Q

goddess of eternal youth

A

Hebe

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Q

great called city in Greece with seven gates

A

Thebes

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Q

having a right to

A

entitled

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Q

Identify and give the signficance of the location.

A

Corinth - kingdom of Sisyphus

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Q

Identify and give the signficance of the location.

A

Tiryns - kingdom won by Melampus for curing the king’s daughters of madness

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Q

Identify and give the signficance of the location.

A

Elis - region of Olympia; kingdom of Oenomaüus, father of Hippodamia

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Q

Identify and give the signficance of the location.

A

Libya - kingdom of Danaüs

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Q

Identify and give the signficance of the location.

A

Argos - where Danaüs rowed with his 50 daughters; kingdom of Danaüs and Perseus

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Q

Identify and give the signficance of the location.

A

Thessaly - kingdom of Admetus, friend of Hercules

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Q

Identify and give the signficance of the location.

A

Olympia - site of the Olympic games

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Q

Identify and give the signficance of the location.

A

Lycia - where Bellerophon fought the Chimera

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Q

Identify and give the signficance of the location.

A

Mycenae - fortified city founded by Perseus

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Q

Identify and give the signficance of the location.

A

Red Sea - reddened by blood of the monster killed by Persus to save Andromeda

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Q

Identify and give the signficance of the location.

A

Crete - where Zeus was raised and made Europa the first queen

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Q

Identify and give the signficance of the location.

A

Aegina -island created by Zeus from Aegina, daughter of Asopus

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Q

Identify and give the signficance of the location.

A

Lake Stymphalus - rid of dangerous birds by Hercules

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Q

Identify and give the signficance of the location.

A

Nemea - home of hte Nemean lion

Identify and give the signficance of the location.

Thebes - city built by Cadmus; rid of beasts by Hercules

Identify and give the signficance of the location.

Lydia - kingdom of Queen Omphale who enslaved Hercules

Identify and give the signficance of the location.

Mt. Erymanthus - where Hercules subdued the wild boar

Identify and give the signficance of the location.

Phrygia - kingdome of Midas; site of music contest between Apollo and Marysas

Identify and give the signficance of the location.

Tyre - kingdom of the father of Cadmus

inhospitable king; had mares devour strangers

King Diomedes

King of Lybia; had 50 daughters (Danaides)

Danaüs

most devoted wife ever; wife of Admetus

Queen Alcestis

mother of Hercules

Alcmena

narrow grooves made in the ground by a plow

furrows

ordered Hercules when he was enslaved by her

Queen Omphale

Perseus' native city and later his kingdom

Argos

Queen of Crete

Europa

Queen of the Amazons

Hippolyta

sisters of the Gorgons

Gray sisters

Strait of Gibraltar; mountain peak on the Africa side and the Rock of Gibraltar on the Europe side

Pillars of Hercules

threatening

menacing

to satisfy (thirst); extinguish (fire)

quench

to skip about in a playful manner; frolic

caper

to throw with force or violence

hurl

to tug while twisting

wrench

tribe of wild, warlike women

Amazons

ugliest Gorgon sister

Medusa

understood language of animals; cousin of Bellerophon

Melampus

valleys

dales

What was Sisyphus' trick, and what did it do to the land?

Sisyphus pretended to be honored by Hades and asked him why Hermes had not come for him. While Hades searched for the answer, Sisyphus cleverly would a chain around the Lord of the underworld and then tied him to a post like a dog. While Hades was tied up, nobody could die. The Fates got the threads of life tangled up, and hte whole world was in utter confusion.

Why did Hercules have to complete two additional labors?

Hera whispered in Eurystheus' ear that Hercules charioteer had helped him to singe the heads of the Hydra, and not Hercules but the waters of the two rivers had washed the Augean stables clean. Hera therefore thought these labors did not count since Hercules had help. Two more needed to be performed in their stead.

Why was Persus sent to kill Medusa?

Accepting Persus' offer of his services as a gift, the king sent him out to kill Medusa and return with her head. As no man had ever returned from such a mission, the king thought that this would be a way to rid himself of Persus forever.

Why was Tantalus condemned, and what was his punishment?

Tantalus sacrified his son Pelops in order to please the gods. The gods detested human sacrifiece and condemend him to the underworld where he suffered from eternal hunger and thirst. He was forced to stand in water up to his neck but could not quench his thirst. Above his head hung branches of fruit that would bend out of reach when he tried to reach them.

Why were the gods glad to have Hercules on Olympus?

The Fates had predicted that Olympus would be attached by a fearful enemy, and the Olympians could be saved only if the strongest man ever born fought on their side. This man, of course, was Hercules, and he did indeed defend Olympus, making him an eternal hero of the gods.

without pity or compassion

ruthless

challenged Apollo to a music contest

Marsyas

wife of Hercules

Deianira

daughter of Cepheus

Andromeda

nine-headed offspring of Echnida

Hydra