Unit 4 Flashcards
What type of statement can be inferred directly from another statement?
Immediate Inference
What is the converse of a statement?
A statement that reverses** the **subject** and **predicate.
It is only valid** for **E** and **I statements.
What is an obverse statement?
A statement of the opposite quality with a negated predicate.
It is valid for all statements.
What is a complement?
The set of all terms not included in the given term.
The complement** of the term **P is non-P.
What is a contrapositive?
A statement** that **reverses and negates both the subject and predicate of the original.
It is valid for A and O statements.
Singular statements are best translated as ____________.
universals
Indefinite statements may be translated as _________ or ____________.
universals or particulars
Hypothetical statements should be translated as _____________.
universals
What are inclusive words that refer to a broad range of things or times?
Whoever
Whatever
Wherever
Whenever
However
Always
Never
The words following the ______________ usually make up the subject.
inclusive
Inclusive words usually make up the subject and may appear in the middle of the sentence. How should these inclusive words be changed when moved to the beginning of the sentence:
always
whatever
where
that
All times…are times
All things…are things
All places…are places
All things…are things
_____________ words
refer only to a limited class of things
exclusive
The words following an ______________ word often make up the predicate
exclusive
Exclusive words are:
only
unless
except
never
nobody
What is an enthymeme?
An argument in which
a statement is unstated and assumed.
A syllogism** with **one assumed statement.
