Unit 4 3.1- Agencies in Social Control. Probation and Charities Flashcards
Role of Probation in Social Control (1)- Role + Funding
Supervise high-risk offenders released into the community - approximately, 30,000 high-risk offenders per year. When someone is serving a sentence but they aren’t in prison
Someone may be on probation because:
- Serving a community sentence
- Released from prison on license or parole
May have to: Unpaid work, Complete education / training course or get treatment for addictions, such as alcohol or drugs.
The NPS is served by 35 probation trusts, who are funded by HMP & Probation Services
Taxation from government, however, the Community Rehabilitation companies work directly with the NPS & are self-funded
2020/21: MoJ budget was £9.15bn, and of this, £1.15bn was given directly to NPS
Role of Probation in Social Control (2)- Philosophy
Believe in the ability of an offender to change for the better & become responsible members of society
Promote social justice & inclusion, equality & diversity
Fully consider the rights of victims when planning a probation sentence
Role of Probation in Social Control (3)- Practices
Prepare pre-sentence reports for courts, to help selection of the most appropriate sentence
Manage approved premises for residence requirements
Assessing offenders in prison to prepare their release
Communicate with and prioritise the wellbeing of victims of serious offences
Probation Officers (POs): Very high & High risk offenders
Probation Service Officers (PSOs): Medium & Low risk offenders
Community Rehabilitation Companies (CRCs): Youth offenders & Low risk offenders
Role of Charities in Social Control (1)- Role + Funding (Howard League for Penal Reform)
The oldest penal reform charity in the UK (1866)
Aims for less crime, safer communities and fewer people in prison
Entirely independent
Funded by voluntary donations and membership subscriptions
Role of Charities in Social Control (2)- Working Practices (Howard League for Penal Reform)
Works with parliament, the media, and members of public
Runs various campaigns, such as one to reduce the criminalisation of children by working closely with Police
This resulted in a drop of child arrests by 58% from 2010-2015
Role of Charities in Social Control (3)- Campaign (Howard League for Penal Reform)
’Books for Prisoners’
In November 2013, the MoJ banned people sending in books & other essentials
The HLfPR claimed reading books is essential for education, rehabilitation and humanity
Believed they needed to do everything to encourage reading and not restrict a prisoner’s access to them, and they were eventually successful
Role of Charities in Social Control (1)- Role + Funding (Prison Reform Trust)
The PRT is a charity established in 1981, working to create a just, humane, and effective penal system
Reducing unnecessary imprisonment & promoting community solutions
Improving treatment & conditions
Promoting equality & human rights in the justice system
Entirely independent
Depends on voluntary donations
Role of Charities in Social Control (2)- Working Practices (Prison Reform Trust)
Carries out research on many aspects of prison life
Provides advice & information to prisoners and their families, and other agencies in CJS
Organises lectures and consequences to help promote its work
Role of Charities in Social Control (3)- Campaign (Prison Reform Trust)
’Out of Trouble’
- Seeking to reduce the number of young people in prison
’Out for Good’
- A project to secure employment for prisoners upon release
