Unit 2- Campaigns Flashcards
Newspaper Campaigns: Sarah’s Law- Explain what the campaign was about
About allowing parents/carers to ask police about convicted sex offender.
Due to death of Sarah Payne in 2000, 8 year old who was abducted & murder by Roy Whiting who had a previous SO conviction
Newspaper Campaigns: Sarah’s Law- How did it try to change law
The News of the world paper named and shamed 50 people it claimed where pedophiles and promised to continue until it revealed every paedophile in Britain
Newspaper Campaigns: Sarah’s Law- Law/Policy that came to exist after the campaign
Succeeded in 2011 introduced Child Sex Offender Disclosure Scheme. However, polite not obliged to disclose info, and will judge if child is at risk of harm and disclosure needed to safeguard
Newspaper Campaigns: Year and day Rule- Explain what the campaign was about
In 1992 Micheal Gibson was assaulted, died 22 months later. The offender could only be charged with GBH and served 2 years. Year and day rule meant that they could not trial the offender for murder/manslaughter.
Newspaper Campaigns: Year and day Rule- Law/Policy that came to exist after the campaign
In 1994, local MP introduced bill into Commons, defeated. But delivery of Northern Echo’s petition, the bill was passed in 1996.
Newspaper Campaigns: Year and day Rule- How did it try to change law
Michael’s mother sought to change the law, Northern Echo launched ‘Justice for Michael’ Campaign, urging it’s readers to sign a petition.
Individual Campaigns: Clare’s Law- Explain what the campaign was about
2009 Claire Wood was beaten, raped and strangled and set alight by George Appleton, her ex partner who kept harassing her. Appleton had a history of convictions for violence against women.
Individual Campaigns: Clare’s Law- How did it try to change law
Failings of Manchester Police After Claire had reported Appleton left her Dad outrageous. Campaigned to enable women to know their partner’s violent past.
Individual Campaigns: Clare’s Law- Law/Policy that came to exist after the campaign
Domestic Violence Disclosure Scheme 2014, across all police forces. Right to ask: Allowing members of the public to apply to know about their partner, or partner of someone they know.
Right to know: Allow police to disclose info to potential victim even without being asked.
Individual Campaigns: Double Jeopardy- Explain what the campaign was about
Julie Hogg was murdered, Billy Dunlop charged in 1989, two juries failed to reach a verdict. In 1998 he was in prison for a different crime and admitted the murder to a prison officer. Could only serve 6 years for perjury.
Individual Campaigns: Double Jeopardy- How did it try to change law
Her mother campaigned to change law, lobbying politicians via press TV, also went on the radio to publicise
Individual Campaigns: Double Jeopardy- Law/Policy that came to exist after the campaign
2003 Criminal Justice Act, permitted serious cases to be retried e.g murder, rape, kidnapping.
Only if new evidence emerges.
Pressure Group Campaigns: PAS- Explain what the campaign was about
Protection against stalking launched in 2011. The existing 1997 Anti-harassment act did not refer to stalking, which 120,000 are victims of a year. In addition to police response being haphazard and inadequate.
Pressure Group Campaigns: PAS- How did it try to change law
Issued a months long inquiry hearing from mothers who’s daughters had been killed by stalking, academics, lawyers, police and probation officers. Mae not of inadequate authority response + fear, intimation, physical/psychological harm
Pressure Group Campaigns: PAS- Law/Policy that came to exist after the campaign
Protection of Freedoms Act 2012- Made stalking an offence.
Pressure Group Campaigns: INQUEST- Explain what the campaign was about
Focuses on state related deaths to ensure state institutions are held accountable.
Examples:
1989 Hillsborough- Fatal crowd crush in Sheffield
2017 Grenfell Tower- High rise in London set alight due to flammable cladding
Shooting of Mark Duggan
Pressure Group Campaigns: INQUEST- How did it try to change law
Through casework from bereaved people, and through establishing the truth about a death of someone in care of the state. Gathers evidence through coursework, research to press, public bodies to change policies
Pressure Group Campaigns: INQUEST- Law/Policy that came to exist after the campaign
Setting up independent police complaints commission in 2004. Investigates all serious complaints on police conduct.
Extending 2007 corporate manslaughter act to cover deaths in custody of public authorities.
Pressure Group Campaigns: British Lung Foundation- Explain what the campaign was about
Focuses on preventing lung disease by promoting Lung Health
Pressure Group Campaigns: British Lung Foundation- How did it try to change law
Produced research about the effects of second-hand smoke and lasting damage of it.
They also campaigned to change the law to smoking in cars with children. Secured 50,000 signatures on a petition in 2011.
Pressure Group Campaigns: British Lung Foundation- Law/Policy that came to exist after the campaign
Under Children and Families Act 2014, banned smoking in car with children
