Unit 4 Flashcards
Relaxed form of DNA
Chromatin
organelle responsible for producing and transporting lipids, and detoxifying drugs
Smooth ER
organelle responsible for producing and transporting proteins
rough ER
“oven” in which translation occurs
ribosomes
process of DNA unravelling to reveal a secret recipe made into mRNA
transcription
sacs that store food, water or waste products
vacuoles
plant and animal cells
two types of eukaryote cells
specialized cells that perform a particular function
tissue
tough outer covering which protects cells and gives plant cells a 3D shape with straight edges
cell wall
process of “baking” a protein in a ribosome “oven” from the recipe on mRNA
translation
powerhouses that convert the energy stored in food into ATP
mitochondria
large water storage sacs in plant cells responsible for turgor pressure
central vacuole
structures that enable plants to make glucose from water and carbon dioxide through photosynthesis
chloroplasts
cylinder-shaped organelles that send out a spindle apparatus during mitosis to help separate chromosomes
centrioles
a stack of flattened membranes responsible for packaging materials for storage or transport outside of the cell (like UPS)
golgi
contain hydrolytic enzymes to break down substances in cells
lysosomes
thin, flexible barrier surrounding a cell that is semi-permeable
cell membrane
bacterium
only prokaryote cell
