unit 4 Flashcards
Humiliate (v.)
/hjuːˈmɪliˌet/
Synonym: deride, denigrate, belittle
Collocation: in front of (prep.) / feel (phrase)
Example: I have never felt so humiliated in all my life.
خوار کردن، تحقیر کردن
deride (v.)
/dɪˈraɪd/
Synonym: denigrate, Humiliate , belittle
Example: You shouldn’t deride their efforts.
تمسخر کردن، بکسی خندیدن
denigrate (v.)
/ˈdenɪˌɡret/
Synonym: deride, Humiliate , belittle
Example: I didn’t intend to denigrate her achievements.
بد نام کردن، سیاه کردن، لکه دار کردن
belittle (v.)
/bəˈlɪtl̩/
Synonym: denigrate, Humiliate , deride
Example:don’t belittle yourself
تحقیر نمودن، کم ارزش کردن
Indolent (adj.)
/ˈɪndələnt/
Synonym: lazy, slothful
Example: She is indolent and irresponsible.
تنبل مودبانه
slothful (adj.)
/ˈsloʊθfəl/
Synonym: lazy, Indolent
Example: He was not slothful: he had been busy all night.
سست، تنبل
Loathsome (adj.)
/ˈloʊðsəm/
Synonym: abhorrent, despicable, disgusting
Collocation: crime, personality, character (n.)
Example: The police described it as one of the most loathsome crimes of recent years.
نفرت انگیز، تهوع اور
abhorrent (adj.)
/æbˈhɔːrənt/
Synonym: Loathsome , despicable, disgusting
Example: Racism of any kind is abhorrent to me.
شنیع، زشت
despicable (adj.)
/ˌdɪˈspɪkəbl̩/
Synonym: Loathsome , abhorrent , disgusting
Example: It is despicable to desert your children.
نفرت انگیز
Longevity (n.)
/lɒnˈdʒevəti/
Synonym: durability, long life
Collocation: longevity of sth/ longevity
Example 1: The longevity of an athlete’s career.
Example 2: This diet promotes health and longevity.
طول عمر، درازی عمر،دوام
durability (n.)
/dərəˈbɪləti/
Synonym: Longevity , long life
Example: durability and beauty are the hallmarks of kashan rugs
دوام، پایداری
Retreat (v.)
/riˈtriːt/
Synonym: pull back, withdraw
Collocation: hastily, quickly (adv.) / before (prep.)
Example: The army retreated hastily before the Germans.
انزوا، عقب نشینی کرد
hastily
/ˈheɪstəli/
Example: she was brushing her hair hastily
شتابان، عجولانه
Savvy (adj.)
/ˈsævi/
Synonym: Shrewd, astute, intelligent
Collocation: investor, buyer (n.)
Example: He is very savvy about computers.
کاربلد ، شم
Shrewd (adj.)
/ˈʃruːd/
Synonym: Savvy , astute, intelligent
Example: a shrewd businessman
زرنگ، حیله گر
astute (adj.)
/əˈstuːt/
Synonym: Savvy , Shrewd , intelligent
Example: He made a series of astute business decisions.
هوشیار، ناقلا
Surge (n.)
/ˈsɜːrdʒ/
Synonym: increase, increment, boost
Collocation: sudden, initial (adj.) / experience, send (v.)
Example: The mention of her name sent a sudden surge of anger through me.
موج خروشان، افزایش ناگهانی
increment (n.)
/ˈɪnkrəmənt/
Synonym: increase, Surge , boost
Example: an annual increment of $300 in salary
افزایش، ترقی ، افزایش حقوق
concrete (adj.)
/kənˈkriːt/
Synonym: Tangible , clear to senses
Example: concrete block
بتون ، بهم پیوستن
Tangible (adj.)
/ˈtændʒəbl̩/
Synonym: concrete, clear to senses
Collocation: evidence, improvement (n.)
Example: There is no tangible evidence to support her claim.
لمس کردنی، محسوس، مشهود
Thaw (v.)
/ˈθɒ/
Synonym: defreeze, melt
Collocation: snow (n.) / completely, rapidly, slowly (adv.)
Example: Make sure the meat has thawed completely before cooking.
آب شدن
Violation (n.)
/vaɪəˈleɪʃn̩/
Synonym: breach, transgression
Collocation: in— of, against (prep.)
Example: Her actions were in violation of an earlier contract.
Example: Violations against civil rights
Violation of law سرپیچی از قانون
تخلف ، زیر پا گذاشتن ، تجاوز
breach (n.)
/ˈbriːt͡ʃ/
Synonym: Violation , transgression
Example: a breach of contract / promise
نقض، تخلف، تجاوز
transgression (n.)
/trænzˈɡreʃn̩/
Synonym: Violation , breach
Example: She’d forgiven his transgressions in the past, but this time she would leave him.
تجاوز، گناه
Anomaly (n.)
/əˈnɑːməli/
Synonym: aberration, abnormality
Collocation: detect (v.) / anomaly in sth
Example: We can’t explain the anomalies in the test result.
چیز غیرعادی یا خلاف قاعده
aberration (n.)
/ˌæbəˈreɪʃn̩/
Synonym: Anomaly , abnormality
Example: They detected aberrations in the airplane’s path of flight.
انحراف، گمراهی
Apex (n.)
/ˈeɪˌpeks/
Synonym: summit, pinnacle, top
Collocation: the apex of sth
Example: At 37, She’d reached the apex of her career.
اوج، بالاترین نقطه
summit (n.)
/ˈsəmət/
Synonym: Apex , pinnacle, top
Example: the summit of a mountain
اوج، قله
pinnacle
/ˈpɪnəkl̩/
Synonym: Apex , summit , top
Example: men who have reached the pinnacle of fame
اوج ، به اوج رساندن
Consequence (n.)
/ˈkɑːnsəkwəns/
Synonym: outcome, repercussion
Collocation: accept, arise (v.)
Example: The important electoral consequences that will arise from this decision.
عاقبت، نتیجه منطقی
repercussion (n.)
/ˌripərˈkəʃn̩/
Synonym: Consequence , repercussion
Example: The collapse of the company had repercussions for the whole industry.
عکس العمل، دفع، واکنش
Deception (n.)
/dəˈsepʃn̩/
Synonym: trickery, fraud
Collocation: use, practice, see through (v.)
Example: She failed to see through his deception.
فریب ، حقه بازی
see through (V.)
Example: She failed to see through his deception.
به انجام رساندن، (به ماهیت چیزی) پی بردن ، شفاف
trickery (n.)
/ˈtrɪkəri/
Synonym: Deception , fraud
Example: The plan smells of trickery.
نیرنگ، حیله بازی
Desolate (adj.)
/ˈdesələt/
Synonym: empty, abandoned
Collocation: stand, leave sth (v.)
Example: The house stands desolate and empty.
بدبخت (انسان) ، مکان (متروکه)
Detractor (n.)
/diˈtræktər/
Synonym: enemy, foe, adversary
-Example: Even her detractors had to admit that she had made the company successful
-His old admirers became his Detractors, and those who first disliked him became his friends
منتقد ، دشمن
tractor حرکت
foe (n.)
/ˈfoʊ/
Synonym: enemy, Detractor , adversary
Example: I am a foe of mining
دشمن، مخالف
adversary (n.)
/ˈædvərˌseri/
Synonym: enemy, foe, Detractor
Example: an adversary can become a source of bliss. . .
عدو شود سبب خیر. . .
دشمن، مخالف
Discrete (adj.)
/ˌdɪˈskriːt/
Synonym: separate, distinct
Collocation: unit, category (n.)
Example: The organisms can be divided into discrete categories.
مجزا
Eligible (adj.)
/ˈelədʒəbl̩/
Synonym: qualified
Collocation: voter, applicant (n.)
Example: When are you eligible to vote in your country?
واجد شرایط
Far-fetched (adj.)
Synonym: unrealistic, bizarre, unlikely
Collocation: a little, fairly, extremely (adj.)
Example: The whole story was a little far- fetched.
دور از ذهن ، بعید
Headway (n.)
/ˈheˌdwe/
Synonym: progress, breakthrough
Collocation: make (v.)
Example: We are making little headway with the negotiations.
سرعت، پیشرفت، موفقیت
breakthrough (n.)
Synonym: progress, Headway
Example: a great breakthrough in the world of medicine
شکاف، پیشرفت غیرمنتظره
survey (n.)
/sərˈveɪ/
a survey of italian art
مطالعه مجمل ، گزارش نقشه برداری
quarter
three quarter سه چهارم
flash around (V.)
خودنمایی کردن، به رخ کشیدن
She was flashing her engagement ring around.
run up (V.)
he ran up huge bills
بسرعت خرج و تلف کردن ، بالا اوردن
enthusiastic (adj. )
/enˌθuːziˈæstɪk/
I’m enthusiastic long distance runner
مشتاق
counterpart(N. )
male countrepart
همتا
preliminary (adj. )
/prəˈlɪməˌneri/
preliminary hearing دادرسی مقدماتی
the preliminary stages of the project
مقدماتی، اولیه
proportion (N. )
the proportion of exports to imports
مقایسه، تناسب
stride (V,N)
In one short stride, he reached the window.
i have to take more strides to cover our distance
گام های بلند برداشتن، قدم
elasticity (N. )
the body’s skin loses its elasticity because of aging
خاصیت کشسانی
blast پسوند ( suffix )
abs blast
each time the door opened a blast of cold air rushed into the room
وزش ، پرفشار
circumvent (V.)
he attempted to
circumvent the tax related regulations and avoid paying the government`s share
دوز و کلک زدن، (با لطایف الحیل) سر پیچی کردن
stunned (adj. )
/stʌnd/
-the news stunned us
-The punch stunned me for a moment.
بهت زده
Irony (N. )
/ˈaɪrəni/
It is ironic that many artists are worth more dead than alive
مسخره، طعنه
literary (adj. )
/ˈlɪtəˌreri/
Marquez developed his literary style after reading the Czech
writer Franz Kafka
ادبی ، وابسته به نویسندگی
accomplish (V.)
/əˈkɑːmplɪʃ/
to accomplish a task
به پایان رساندن، به نتیجه رساندن
Chronic (adj. )
/ˈkrɑːnɪk/
Chronic describes serious pain over a long period of time
شدید ، دیرینه ، مزمن
Acute (adj. )
/əˈkjuːt/
The patient is experiencing acute pain in the abdomen.
حاد، بحرانی
knuckle (N. )
/ˈnəkl̩/
*He would not knuckle down under their pressure.
خوب کار کردن ، جان کندن
*his jokes were too near the knuckle
شوخی های او تقریبا زننده بودند
بند انگشت
proportion (N. )
/prəˈpɔːrʃn̩/
-Health officials doubt the disease will reach epidemic proportions
شباهت، تناسب، مقیاس
Smallpox (N. )
Smallpox was finally eradicated in 1979
آبله
expel (V.)
/ɪkˈspel/
The heart muscles contract to expel the blood.
بیرون انداختن، خارج کردن
fetus (N. )
/ˈfiːtəs/
a monstrous fetus جنین ناقص الخلقه
جنین انسان از هفته هشتم تا زایمان
embryo (N. )
/ˈembriˌoʊ/
the embryo of this thought . . .
نطفه ،جنین (در انسان: از آغاز آبستنی تا هفته ی هشتم)
placebo (N. )
/pləˈsiːboʊ/
Scientists have carried out tests to check the placebo effect in patients
دارونما
amnesia (N. )
/æmˈniːʒə/
امنیژا
Amnesia can be caused by emotional trauma
فراموشی
conviction (N. )
/kənˈvɪkʃn̩/
an unshakable conviction
محکومیت، گناه، اعتقاد
repeal (V.)
/rəˈpiːl/
the repeal of a law
لغو کردن یک مصوبه دولتی
revoke (V.)
/rɪˈvoʊk/
His driving license has been revoked on the grounds of drunk driving
The university may revoke my diploma
ابطال، لغو کردن
nullify (V.)
/ˈnələˌfaɪ/
we tried to nullify the enemy’s propaganda
لغو کردن، خنثی نمودن
repulse (V.)
/riˈpəls/
The enemy attack was quickly repulsed
عقب راندن، پس زدن، نپذیرفتن، رد کردن
annihilate (V.)
/əˈnaɪəˌlet/
to annihilate another’s ambition
بلند پروازی کسی را خنثی کردن
محو کردن، خنثی نمودن
exterminate (V.)
he tried to exterminate his enemies one by one
ریشه کن کردن، نابود کردن
Naive (adj. )
/ˌnɑːˈjiːv/
They were naive and easily misled.
ساده لوح
went off without a hitch
انجام کار بدون هیچ تاخیری
prerogative (N.)
/prɪˈrɑːɡətɪv/
The Prime Minister will decide whether to release the prisoner or not; that’s his prerogative
امتیاز (به ویژه امتیاز ناشی از طبقه ی اجتماعی یا مقام بخصوص)، اختیار
derogatory
/dəˈrɑːɡəˌtɔːri/
He made some derogatory comment/remark about her appearance
بی آبروکننده، تحقیر کننده
abdication (N.)
/ˌæbdɪˈkeɪʃn̩/
There had been a complete abdication of responsibility
استعفا، کناره گیری
