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History 30 > Unit 4 > Flashcards

Unit 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

How could you qualify for the dominions land act (3pts)

A

-Break the land and plant crop
-Build a shelter
-Liven on the property for at least 6 months

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2
Q

Problems with living on the prairies (5pts)

A

-Long harsh winters
-Hot and dry summers
-Settlers lived in dirt/grass houses
-Isolation farms were very far apart
-Trees and wood were scarce

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3
Q

Who was Clifford sifton and what did he do

A

A major recruiting campaign minister to bring settlers to Canadas west

He used certain words to make Canada seem appealing and not talk about the cold and snow

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4
Q

Who did Sifton target

A

-Americans because they had money and were used to the climate

-Central and Eastern European farmers because they lived in similar climates and been farmers for generations

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5
Q

Who were not welcome to Canada

A

Asians and africans

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6
Q

What is a head tax

A

A amount of money Chinese immigrants had to pay to enter Canada
1885 $50
1900 $100
1903 $500

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7
Q

What act was passed in 1923

A

The Chinese Immigration Act which only allowed very few Chinese into Canada

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8
Q

Who was Canadas first prime minister and when

A

1867 John A Macdonald

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9
Q

What was MacDonalds main goal

A

Expand Canada by adding new provinces

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10
Q

What did Canada purchase in 1869

A

Ruperstland from the Hudson’s Bay Co for $1.5 million, which became the northwest territory

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11
Q

Why did the government send surveyors to Winnipeg

A

To prepare land for new settlers, which made the Métis afraid of losing their land and lifestyle

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12
Q

What did Riel and the Métis do in December 1869
(4pts)

A

He and the Métis stopped the surveyors from entering the area

The Métis stopped the new governor William McDougall from entering the settlement

The Métis took over Fort Garry the main Hudson Bay Fort and established a provisional government

The Métis bill of rights was created and sent to Ottawa

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13
Q

Demands of the Metis was
(5pts)

A

-Right to become a province
-Right to send tenants Ottawa (MPs)
-Right to have control over local affairs
-English and French to be official languages
-Right to keep their customs and way of life

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14
Q

What is the Canadian party

A

An English Protestant political party based in Ontario that resisted Metis demands

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15
Q

Who is Thomas Scott

A

A member of the Canadian party who was arrested by Riel for leading a resistance against the provisional government

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16
Q

How did Scott die

A

Riel ordered his execution by firing squad in 1870

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17
Q

How did the Red river rebellion end
(5pts)

A

MacDonald had no way of getting troops to Red River fast enough because the railway didn’t go far enough so MacDonald gave in

MacDonald wanted to expand Canada

Manitoba became Canadas 5th province

All Metis demands were met
MacDonald did send troops to maintain order

Riel fears and fled to the USA

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18
Q

Why did BC consider joining the USA
(3pts)

A

Closer to the USA

South=USA
North=Alaska

Transportation communication and trade already existed with the USA

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19
Q

Why does BC join Canada and when
(4pts)

A

They would have a responsible government

And a wagon road across the prairies to connect to Canada

Macdonald promises them a railway instead of they joined Canada

On July 20th, 1871 BC becomes our 6th province

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20
Q

Why did PEI join Canada and when
(5pts)

A

They were in debt trying to build their own railway

They were offered money to buy out absentee landlords

Ottawa would take over and finish the railway

A telegraph and ferry system between mainland and the Island

July 1st, 1873 PEI becomes Canadas 7th province

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21
Q

What’s the Pacific Scandal and what was happening at the time
(4pts)

A

MacDonald wins the 1872 election and is going to start building the railway

The Liberals accused MacDonald of accepting a payoff from the railway company

This is the Pacific Scandal

MacDonald resigned

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22
Q

Who became the 2nd Prime Minister

A

Alexander Mackenzie

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23
Q

What was Mackenzie’s first duties in office and who threatened to leave Canada
(2pts)

A

He postponed the building of the railway and built small links instead

BC threatened to leave because their railway wasn’t being built

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24
Q

What election reforms did Mackenzie pass (3pts)

A

-Secret ballots
-All voting take place on the same day
-Records must be kept of campaign donations

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25
Q

What happened during the 1878 election and what policy was created

A

MacDonald ran again with the concept called the National Policy and won

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26
Q

What did MacDonald do in 1873 and 1920

A

He created the North West Mounted Police

It was then changed to The RCMP

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27
Q

Who were the main law breakers in 1800’s

A

Whiskey traders

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28
Q

Who were the 3 groups who had concerns during the Northwest Rebellion

A

The Metis-they wanted the same guarantees they received in Manitoba

The Indigenous People- they were starving the buffalo were disappearing and the government was not helping the Indian people survive

The white Settlers- lived in the North West wanted representation from the federal government, like Manitoba did. They also wanted lower tariffs and shipping rates for their grain products

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29
Q

How did the Metis try to solve their concerns

(3pts)

A

They looked for Louis Riel and had him return to Canada

He created another Bill of Roghts and sent it to Ottawa demanding settlement for the 3 groups

But the petition was ignored

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30
Q

What did Riel send to the NWMP superintendent and what happened

A

An ultimatum demanding he surrender Fort Carleton

He refused so the Metis military leader Gabriel Dumont attacked

31
Q

What did MacDonald do about the North West Rebellion

A

He sent troops by RAIL to stop it

32
Q

Where were battles for the North West rebellion held and how did it end

A

Fish creek
Cut knife
Batoche where Metis surrendered

Gabriel Dumont fled to the USA
Riel surrendered and was charged with High Treason

33
Q

What happened to Riel after the Northwest rebellion
(5pts)

A

He was charged with High Treason

He was tried in Regina and found guilty but recommended mercy

Quebec wanted him pardoned
Ontario wanted him executed

MacDonald delayed the decision but eventually executed him

34
Q

Aftermath of the NorthWest rebellion (3pts)

A

The railway proved its worth

Many FN people were arrested and executed

Alberta and Sask don’t become provinces till 1905

35
Q

What did the citizens of the North West Territory not get (3pts)

A

-Become a province
-Representation
-Land rights

36
Q

How did the government act towards children with the Indian act (3pts)

A

-Acted like the child’s parents
-Traditional ceremonies were banned
-FN children were forced by law to go to residential schools

37
Q

Why were treaties signed
(3pts)

A

-No buffalo made FN people on the verge of extinction
-FN people feared loss of culture as European settlement increased
-Didn’t trust the government but thought if they didn’t sign they would be killed

38
Q

What did the government force the FN people to surrender and what were they given in return (3pts)

A

-Surrender their land
-Given reserve land
-Reserve land was to be used as farm land

39
Q

How many treaties are there

A

11

40
Q

Where did the first 5 treaties cover (4pts)

A

Northwest Ontario
Southern Manitoba
Saskatchewan
Alberta

41
Q

What did the FN people get for giving up their land (7pts)

A

1.) Reserve land (for a family of 5)
2.) Cash
3.) An allowance for blankets and hunting/fishing tools
4.) farming assistance
5.) A census to keep track of people on the land
6.) Right to hunt on land not seeded
7.) Gov allowed to build in the reserves

42
Q

What did the FN people have to do for the government (3pts)

A

Keep peace

Maintain law and order

Keep liquor off reserves

43
Q

What is a status Indian and who isn’t

A

People who were “standing in line” when the Indian agent counted heads were a status Indian and were subject to laws and rights as one. Metis were not entitled to Indian rights

44
Q

What was the purpose of residential schools

A

assimilate FN children into white society

45
Q

Where were residential schools built

A

Far away from reserves so they wouldn’t be near family or influences from home

46
Q

Who ran Residential schools (4pts)

A

protestant
Catholic
Anglican
Methodist

47
Q

How many residential schools were in Saskatchewan

A

20

48
Q

What children weren’t forced to go to residential schools

A

white and Metis because they were already half white

49
Q

What were children mainly taught at residential schools

A

agricultural training

50
Q

Who took over residential schools and in what year

A

Department of Indian affairs in 1969

51
Q

How did the department of Indian affairs try to correct residential schools

A

They hired FN people to become teachers but the cycle of abuse continued

52
Q

how many children attended residential schools

A

over 100,000

53
Q

When did the last residential school close

A

1996

54
Q

Who is Wilfred Laurier

A

The first prime minister of French ancestry

55
Q

What is the Manitoba school question

A

Manitoba government passed the act to set up a single school system, no church or religious schools and English only

Catholics would have to fund their own separate schools

56
Q

How did Laurier solve the Manitoba School question
(3pts)

A

-No public financial support for sperate schools
-Religious education if enough students
-French was allowed if enough students

57
Q

Imperialists

A

English speaking Canadians who were proud to be part of the British commonwealth

58
Q

Nationalists

A

French Canadians not loyal to Britain and felt pride in French Canadian culture and language

59
Q

What and when was the Boer War
(4pts)

A

-1899-1902 in South Africa

-The British were fighting against the Boers (early Dutch colonists)

-British were moving into the area that held gold and diamonds and tension increased so the Boers declared war on Britain

-Britain asked Canada for soliders to prove they would stand together in times of trouble

60
Q

Laurier’s 4 questions

A

-Manitoba School
-Boer War
-Naval Crisis
-Alaskan Boundary dispute

61
Q

Laurier’s decision for the Boer war (4pts)

A

-Canada wont send an army but Canada would equip Britain with 1000 volunteers

-End of war 7300 volunteers were sent at a cost of $2.8 billion

-Imperialists didn’t think Canada did enough

-Nationalists felt Canada did too much

62
Q

The Naval Crisis and year (3pts)

A

-1909

-Arms race between Britain and Germany made a war a real possibility

-Britain wanted Canada to contribute money to build ships

63
Q

Naval crisis question

A

Should Canada support Britain or build their own navy?

64
Q

Laurier’s decision Naval crisis (4 pts)

A

-Canada created it’s own navy, but could be placed under British control if an emergency occurred

-5 crusaders and 6 destroyers were created on Naval bases in Nova Scotia and BC

-Nationalists thought Canada’s army could be sent anywhere anytime for Britain

-Imperialists thought Canada’s navy wouldn’t fulfill Britain’s needs

65
Q

What was Laurier’s final statement about the naval crisis

A

-When Britain is at war, Canada is at war. But Canada would choose how much to participate in the future

66
Q

When and what was the Alaskan dispute

A

-1903

-There was a strip of land from Alaska to prince of whales. No one knew who owned it and neither cared

67
Q

Why did the Alaskan dispute happen

A

Gold was discovered in Yukon , and now the strip of land made lots of money off customs and taxes

68
Q

How was the Alaskan dispute solved

A

-Put infront of a panel of 3 Americans, 2 Canadians, and 1 British

-Ruling ended 2-4 for America. The British judge voted for the USA because Britain feared war with Germany and wanted to gain the USA as an ally

69
Q

What came from the Alaskan dispute

A

Canadians became outraged with the USA and Britain, and Canada knew they needed to make their own decisions in the future and not rely on Britain for assistance

70
Q

Historical and modern names of the rebellions

A

Red River Rebellion
Winnipeg

Northwest Territory
SK and Alberta

71
Q

What was the national policy and what 3 points were within it

A

MacDonald attempted to improve the economy of Canada

1.) Settle Western Canada
2.)Build a railway
3.) Improve industry through protective tariffs

72
Q

Canada West had to be expanded and settled (3pts)

A
  • Canada needed new people but FN people had to be controlled so they wouldn’t’ cause problems

-Canada developed new products and new strains of wheat for farmers to withstand prairie weather

-If people settled in the West it would stop the American’s from expanding into it

73
Q

Railway built in Canada (1pt)

A

From coast to coast the railway would link Canada and allow for trade and transportation

74
Q

Canadian Industry had to expand and be protected
(4pts)

A

-Foreign products coming into Canada would be taxed

-Encouraged Canadians to buy Canadian product’s

-The West and Atlantic would supply Canada with it’s needs

-America was encouraged to have their companies build factories in Canada (branch plants) using Canadian resources with American expertise

History 30 (10 decks)

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