Unit 4

Question 1

sensation

Answer 1

the process by which our sense gather info and send it to the brain

Question 2

perception

Answer 2

process of organizing and interpretting sensory info in our brain, enabling us to recognize meanifugul objects and events

Question 3

bottom up processing

Answer 3

analysis of stimulus starts with sense receptors and works up to the brain
- data driven
- perception drives cognition

Question 4

top down processing

Answer 4

information processing guidede by higher level mental processes as we construct perceptions drawing on our experience and expectations
- perception constrcuted by cognition

Question 5

prosopagnosia

Answer 5

inability to recognize faces

Question 6

selective attentino

Answer 6

process of focusing on a particular object in the environment and the blocking out of others for a certain period o ftime

Question 7

cocktail party

Answer 7

being able to focus one’s listening attention on what a person says w noise around/ignoring other conversations demonstrates the selective attentino

Question 8

inattentional blindness

Answer 8

refers to inability to see an object or a person amidst an engrossing scene because your attentin is focused elsewhere

Question 9

change blindness

Answer 9

failing to notice changes in the environment (form of inattentional blindness0 because focus is elsewhere)

Question 10

choice blindness

Answer 10

people are not always aware of their choices and preference

Question 11

transduction

Answer 11

conversion of one form a of enerfy to another

Question 12

psychophysis

Answer 12

the sutdy of relationships between the physical characteristics of stimuli such as their intensity and our psychological experiences of them

Question 13

absolute threshold

Answer 13

minimus stimulation needed to detect a particular stimulus 50% of the time

Question 14

signal detection theory

Answer 14

predicts when we will detect weak signals
- sensitivity and responsiveness increases with emotional state
- people respond differently and notice differently bcz of absolute threshold

Question 15

subliminal threshold

Answer 15

when stimuli are below one’s absolute threshold for concious awareness

Question 16

difference threshold

Answer 16

minimum difference between two stimuli required for detection 50% of the time (also called just noticable differece))

Question 17

weber’s law

Answer 17

eplains how difference threshold works. two stimuli must difference by a constant minimum proportion (rather than constant amount) to be percieved as ifferent)

Question 18

prime

Answer 18

the activation often unconsciously of certain association thus predisposing one’s perception, memory,or response

Question 19

sensory adaptation

Answer 19

diminished sensitivity as a consequence of constant stimulation