Unit 4: 1 & 2 Quiz Questions

Question 1

The excretory functions of the urinary system are performed by the _
- urethra.
- kidneys.
- urinary bladder.
- ureters.
- glomerulus.

Answer 1

kidneys.

Question 2

Blood leaves the glomerulus through a blood vessel called the _
- vasa recta.
- efferent arteriole.
- renal vein.
- interlobular arteriole.
- afferent arteriole.

Answer 2

efferent arteriole.

Question 3

Reabsorbed water and solutes enter into the _
- afferent arteriole.
- tubular fluid.
- efferent arteriole.
- glomerulus.
- peritubular fluid.

Answer 3

peritubular fluid.

Question 4

Nephrons located close to the medulla with long nephron loops are called ________ nephrons.
- cortical
- vasa recta
- juxtaglomerular
- juxtamedullary
- Henle

Answer 4

juxtamedullary

Question 5

_ is the most abundant organic waste.
- Albumin
- Sodium
- Glucose
- Urea
- Carbon dioxide

Answer 5

Urea

Question 6

Under normal conditions, glomerular filtration depends on three main pressures. From the list below, what are these three main pressures?
1. glomerular hydrostatic pressure
2. capsular hydrostatic pressure
3. capsular colloid osmotic pressure
4. blood colloid osmotic pressure
5. urinary bladder hydrostatic pressure

• 2, 3, and 4 are correct.
• 1, 2, and 3 are correct.
• 1, 2, and 4 are correct.
• 2, 4, and 5 are correct.
• 3, 4, and 5 are correct

Answer 6

1, 2, and 4 are correct.

Question 7

Which of these hormones causes the kidney to increase the body’s content of sodium?
- antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
- aldosterone
- calcitonin
- parathyroid hormone (PTH

Answer 7

aldosterone

Question 8

ADH creates a _ (small or large) volume of _ (dilute or concentrated) urine.
- large; concentrated
- small; concentrated
- large; dilute
- small; dilute

Answer 8

small; concentrated

Question 9

The mechanism for producing a concentrated urine involves all of the following EXCEPT _
- a high concentration of NaCl in the interstitial fluid that surrounds the collecting ducts.
- the secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) by the posterior pituitary gland.
- obligatory water reabsorption in the proximal convoluted tubule.
- aquaporins being inserted into the membranes of the collecting duct cells.
- an increase in facultative water reabsorption

Answer 9

obligatory water reabsorption in the proximal convoluted tubule

Question 10

Where does most nutrient reabsorption occur?

Answer 10

Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)

Question 11

Sperm production occurs in the _
- ductus deferens.
- seminiferous tubules.
- seminal glands (seminal vesicles).
- epididymis.
- rete testis.

Answer 11

seminiferous tubules.

Question 12

The small paired structures at the base of the penis that secrete a thick, alkaline mucus are the _
- bulbo-urethral glands.
- preputial glands.
- prostate glands.
- Bartholin glands.
- seminal vesicles

Answer 12

bulbo-urethral glands.

Question 13

What is the name of the cell at each stage of sperm development, from mitosis to spermiogenesis?
- spermatogonium, spermatids, primary spermatocyte, secondary spermatocyte, sperm
- secondary spermatocyte, spermatid, sperm, spermatogonium, primary spermatocyte
- spermatogonium, primary spermatocyte, secondary spermatocyte, spermatids, sperm
- spermatids, spermatogonium, primary spermatocyte, secondary spermatocyte, sperm
- primary spermatocyte, secondary spermatocyte, spermatogonium, spermatids, sperm

Answer 13

spermatogonium, primary spermatocyte, secondary spermatocyte, spermatids, sperm

Question 14

A male bodybuilder starts taking injections of testosterone (an anabolic steroid on a daily basis. After three weeks, you expect to observe all of the following, EXCEPT _
- decreased nurse cell stimulation.
- decreased levels of LH and FSH.
- decreased levels of GnRH.
- increased sex drive.
- increased muscle mass.

Answer 14

decreased nurse cell stimulation.

Question 15

Which layer of the uterus undergoes dramatic changes in thickness and structure during the uterine cycle responding to hormones.
- functional layer of the endometrium
- myometrium
- perimetrium
- basal layer of the endometrium
- epimetrium

Answer 15

functional layer of the endometrium

Question 16

Which of the following statements concerning oogenesis is false?
- About half the oogonia complete mitosis between birth and puberty.
- Ova develop from stem cells called oogonia.
- Oogenesis begins before birth.
- By the time of their birth, girls have already lost about the majority of their oocytes.
- An ovum completes its last meiosis after it is fertilized

Answer 16

About half the oogonia complete mitosis between birth and puberty.

Question 17

The hormone that stimulates ovulation is _
- growth hormone.
- testosterone.
- progesterone.
- FSH.
- (LH) luteinizing hormone.

Answer 17

(LH) luteinizing hormone.

Question 18

exual arousal and orgasm in males and females share a number of similarities EXCEPT __________.
- engorgement of erectile tissue
- rhythmic contraction of the bulbospongiosus muscles
- control by the autonomic nervous system
- Sexual arousal and orgasm in males and females are similar in all of the listed aspects

Answer 18

Sexual arousal and orgasm in males and females are similar in all of the listed aspects

Question 19

Impotence, common in men as they age, can be caused by which of the following conditions?
- buildup of plaque in arteries
- death of a loved one
- low blood pressure
- All of the listed conditions can be the cause of impotence in men

Answer 19

All of the listed conditions can be the cause of impotence in men

Question 20

Which of the following is not a similarity between the testis and ovary?
- Both produce gametes.
- Meiosis takes place in both.
- Both produce progesterone.
- Both respond to luteinizing hormone.
- Both respond to follicle-stimulating hormone.

Answer 20

Both produce progesterone.