Unit 2: 1 & 2 Quiz Questions Flashcards
When the net filtration pressure is negative, what process is occurring?
- fluid is moving out of the capillary
- there is no plasma proteins in the blood
- fluid is moving back into the capillary
- there is no movement of fluid into or out of the capillary
fluid is moving back into the capillary
If the capillary hydrostatic pressure (CHP) is elevated, what consequences will this have on the surrounding tissues?
- capillary hydrostatic pressure will facilitate greater exchange with the surrounding tissues, reducing buildup of the interstitial fluid in the tissues by pulling it into the capillaries.
- Increased capillary hydrostatic pressure will cause increased blood pressure, which could cause damage to the capillaries, allowing blood seepage into the surrounding tissues.
- Increased capillary hydrostatic pressure will cause excess interstitial fluid accumulation in the surrounding tissues.
- Increased capillary hydrostatic pressure will cause a corresponding increase in pressure in the venular end of the capillary bed, causing plasma backflow into the tissues.
Increased capillary hydrostatic pressure will cause excess interstitial fluid accumulation in the surrounding tissues.
T cells develop from stem cells in the
- bone marrow
- kidneys
- liver
- spleen
- thymus
bone marrow
The cells responsible for the production of circulating immunoglobulins are ________ cells.
- thymus
- NK
- helper T
- liver
- plasma
plasma
Sally has a tumor. In an effort to fight the cancerous cells her body increases the production of
- suppressor T cells
- plasma cells
- NK cells
- neutrophils
- memory B cells
NK cells
The first line of cellular defense against pathogens are the
- B cells
- plasma cells
- NK cells
- Phagocytes
- T cells
Phagocytes
Histamine increases blood flow and vascular permeability. This would account for all of the following changes that occur during inflammation except
- redness of the inflamed tissue
- chemotaxis of phagocytes
- heat of the inflamed tissue
- swelling of the inflamed tissue
- movement of defense proteins and cells into the interstitial space
chemotaxis of phagocytes
Immunity that results from exposure to an antigen in the environment is called ________ immunity.
- artificially acquired passive
- artificially acquired active
- naturally acquired active
- innate
- naturally acquired passive
naturally acquired active
Cytotoxic T cells can attack target cells with which of the following chemical weapons?
- secrete strong acid
- secrete free radicals
- secrete mutant proteins that get incorporated into the target’s DNA
- secrete organic solvent
- secrete a cytokine that triggers apoptosis
secrete a cytokine that triggers apoptosis
CD8 markers are to ________ T cells as CD4 markers are to ________ T cells.
cytotoxic; helper
The entire array of protective mechanisms in the respiratory system is called the
- mucus escalator.
- macrophage complex.
- respiratory defense system.
- respiratory immunity.
- acquired respiratory defense.
respiratory defense system.
The condition resulting from inadequate production of surfactant and the resultant collapse of alveoli is
The condition resulting from inadequate production of surfactant and the resultant collapse of alveoli is
- COPD.
- anoxia.
- pulmonary embolism.
- respiratory distress syndrome.
- pneumothorax
respiratory distress syndrome.
If a person contracts pneumonia, inflammation occurs in the lobules of the lung, causing fluid leakage into the alveoli. Which of the following best describes the effect this has on gas exchange.
- As the alveoli fill with fluid, air cannot reach the alveolar surface and gas exchange cannot occur, compromising the function of the respiratory membrane.
- The distance between the alveolar cell layer and the capillary endothelium in the respiratory membrane increases to a point at which the surfaces are too far away for efficient gas exchange.
- The diaphragm and accessory muscles have to work too hard to expand the lungs. Therefore, they become fatigued. When this happens, the person can no longer breathe.
- Fluid leaks into the pleural cavity and causes a restriction in lung expansion as well as reducing lubrication on the parietal surface of the membrane.
As the alveoli fill with fluid, air cannot reach the alveolar surface and gas exchange cannot occur, compromising the function of the respiratory membrane.
The serous membrane that covers the lungs is the
- parietal pericardium.
- visceral pleura.
- parietal pleura.
- visceral pericardium.
- visceral peritoneum.
visceral pleura.
The partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood is approximately
- 40 mm Hg.
- 45 mm Hg.
- 50 mm Hg.
- 70 mm Hg.
- 100 mm Hg
100 mm Hg
