Unit 3.2 Flashcards by Haru Haru

_________ is the father of psychoanalysis. He is famous for his work on human nature and the unconscious

Sigmund Freud

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Sigmund Freud is the father of _________. He is famous for his work on _________ and the _________

psychoanalysis
human nature
unconscious

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It pertains to our current thoughts, what we sense and think at the present. Freud did not delve in this level as he believes that it has minimal influence in our behavior.

Conscious Level

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_________ contains the thoughts that we can bring into our __________ easily or with needed effort. These thoughts came from:
• _________
• _________

Preconscious level
consciousness

• Conscious Perception
• Unconscious

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__________ contains our instincts, wishes and desires that drives our behavior. It is the focus of ___________

Came from:
• ____________

Unconscious level
psychoanalytic theory

Repressed Experiences

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PSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES
• A person’s personality develops in __________
• First _______ of life; most crucial in personality formation; ‘formative years
• (Psychosexual stages) Defined by _________
• Conflict must be resolved to move to the next stage

early childhood
4-5 years
erogenous zone

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• ________ - _____ energy remains invested on one stage leaving less energy for the next stage

Fixation
psychic

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____________
Areas of the body that are sensitive to ________ and _________ which gives rise to feelings of _________ when stimulated

Erogenous zone
pleasant and sensual feelings
sexual feeling

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______ stage: _________
Erogenous zone: ______

• Pleasurable activities: sucking; biting; swallowing; feeding
• Primary object of the libido: mother/ primary caregiver

• ways of fixation:
- _________ -oral passive personality (gullible, passive, needs a lot of attention, substance addiction)
- _________- (adults who are aggressive and like to argue)

ORAL STAGE: Birth to 1 year
Erogenous zone: Mouth

Oral incorporative
Oral aggressive or oral sadistic

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_________ -oral passive personality (gullible, passive, needs a lot of attention, substance addiction)

Oral incorporative

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_________- (adults who are aggressive and like to argue)

Oral aggressive or oral sadistic

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__________: ______
Erogenous zone: _______________

• Pleasurable activities: retention of feces and willful defecation
• Toilet training: gratification of instinctual impulse (defecation) is interfered; regulating time and place of defecation

• Two ways the child reacts to toilet training:
- _________-anal aggressive personality (disorderly, messy, destructive, cruel)
- _________- anal retentive personality (stubborn, stingy, orderly, and compulsively clean) OCD and OCPD

ANAL STAGE: 1 to 3 year
Erogenous zone: Bowel and bladder control

Anal expulsion
Anal retention

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_________-anal aggressive personality (disorderly, messy, destructive, cruel)

Anal expulsion

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_________- (stubborn, stingy, orderly, and compulsively clean) OCD and OCPD

Anal retention

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It is one of the psychosexual stages where the development of an individual’s personality happens

Phallic stage

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_______ stage: _________
Erogenous zone: ________

• Pleasurable activities: exploring and manipulating genitals (masturbation)
• Development of an individual’s personality (depends greatly on the child’s identification with the parent)

• ________: evidence of strong narcissism; difficulty in establishing mature relationships

PHALLIC STAGE: 3-6 year
Erogenous zone: Genitals

Phallic Personality

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________: evidence of strong ________; difficulty in establishing mature relationships

Phallic Personality
narcissism

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_______ stage: ___________

• “safest stage”
• Sex instinct/urges are quiet and dormant
• Sublimation: school activities, sports, and hobbies; developing friendships
• Libido is transformed in acceptable activities
• Developing friendship with the same sex

LATENCY STAGE: 6 to puberty libido inactive

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_________ stage: Puberty to death maturing sexual interest

• ___________: Freud’s ideal of full development; person enjoys a satisfying adult sexuality; capable of genuine love; loving others for altruistic reasons
• ____________: attained if a person has passed the earlier developmental periods in an ideal manner

GENITAL STAGE
Genital personality
Psychological maturity

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• ___________: Freud’s ideal of full development; person enjoys a satisfying adult sexuality; capable of genuine love; loving others for altruistic reasons

Genital personality

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• ____________: attained if a person has passed the earlier developmental periods in an ideal manner

Psychological maturity

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William James is the father of __________. His ground-breaking masterpiece was “________________”. He asserted that _____ lies at the center of _________.

American Psychology
The Principle of Psychology

self
mental life

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The pure ego, what kind of self?

I-self

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The subjective self that is aware of its own actions

I-self

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• A sense of being the agent of behavior • A sense of continuity • A sense of being unique • A sense of awareness of being aware

I-self

The object, what kind of self?

Me self

The self you can describe, based on observation and experience.

ME-Self

3 types of ME-Self

Material self Social self Spiritual self

3 types of me self • ________ – Physical Appearance • __________ - Personality, character, and defining values • ________ - Social Skills and Interpersonal Skills

Material self Spiritual self Social self

Eric Berne developed his ______________ as a basis for __________. 1. Every person has three (3) parts called ______ in his/her personality 2. People communicate with one another assuming roles of any of these ego states.

transactional analysis method understanding behavior 1. ego states

What are the different ego states?

Parent Adult Child ego state

Positive and negative of the different ego state

Parent ego state: Positive; Nurtiring Parent. Negative; Controlling parent Adult ego state: Positive; Open Adult. Negative; Unyielding adult Child ego state: Positive; Creative child. Negative; Petulant child

____________ They are developmental psychologists, asserted that children are very adjusted to their ______ feelings and needs. They unconsciously acknowledge that they need their parents’ permission in order to survive, so they ______ to meet their needs as much as possible

John Bowlby & Donald Winnicott parents’ strive

The 2 concept of self according to John Bowlby and Donald Winnicott

True self False self

Our feelings and desires

True Self

Changed its behavior, inhibited feelings, and forced needs aside in order to survive

False self

2 types of false self by Bowlby and Winnicott

Healthy false self Unhealthy false self

• One which allows someone to be _________ in the society • Still connected with the true self

Healthy False Self functional

• fits into society through ________ rather than a desire to adapt

Unhealthy False Self forced compliance

• Buddhism, Confucianism, Hinduism, Integral Yoga, Islam, Taoism, Zen

Eastern Philosophy

Christianity, Rational, Scientific, Logical schools

Western Philosophy

What are the four western concept of self?

Analytical Monotheistic Individualistic Materialistic

Inclination to see actuality as an aggregate of parts

Analytical

It studies the nature and origin of knowledge

Epistemology

Epistemology said to have originated in ___________ during Plato and Aristotle’s time.

Classical Greece

• Rationalism - acquiring knowledge through the use of __________. Well known rationalists are ________, ________, and _______

deductive reasoning Rene Descartes, Immanuel Kant, and Pythagoras

• Empiricism acquiring of knowledge through _________. Well known empiricists include ________, ________, and _________

sensory experiences William James, David Hume, John Locke

Monotheistic engaged in the tendency toward ______________ and a closed system view of self

unitary explanations of phenomena

It is engaged in the tendency toward unitary explanations of phenomena and a closed system view of self

Monotheistic

_________ spread from the fall of the ________ to the _______ Age. Christian philosophers like Sts. ________, ________, _________ and _________ bridge the gap between ________ and _________

Christian philosophy Roman Empire Medieval age Sts. Albertus Magnus, Augustine, Anselm and Thomas Aquinas Christian doctrine Western Philosophical thought

_________ “It seeks to understand God and His relationship with man through _____ and ______.

Christian philosophy reason and logic

__________ is a quality of Western thinking where ________ and ________ are essential ways of establishing who one is, as well as discovering _________ in the world

Individualistic self-expression self- actualization satisfaction

___________ • Often associated with ________ (1844-1900). It challenges religious doctrines and traditions and views life as having _________; man is not to waste time finding meaning.

Western Nihilism Friedrich Nietzsche no purpose

_________ is a discredit explanations that do not use __________ modes of thinking

Materialistic analytic-deductive

_________ is founded in ________ Century BC by _____ of Cithium and spread throughout _______. Its goal of denial of self is quite similar to ________

Stoicism 3rd Century BC Zeno Greece Buddhism

The goal of Stoicism is freedom from ________ (“anguish” or “suffering”) through the pursuit of ______ and “_______” (objectiveness, lack of emotion); to recognize the commanality of all men

passion reason and apatheia

The goal western nihilism is to become an _______ (superman).

Ubermensch

This is achieved when an individual lives according to his/her purpose and values, not at the expectations of society.

Ubermensch

_______ is propagated by ________ in the 6th- 5th Century BC. It was the state religion of _________ for over two millenia

Confucianism Confucius China

_________ teaches the importance of identifying oneself to the community

Confucianism

The development of one’s life through living ethically and following rules, is the purpose of life

Self Cultivation

The Story of the Three Vinegar Tasters Three men were tasting a pot of vinegar. Each has acquired a different taste, sour, bitter, and sweet. Each man represents one of the three prominent teachings of Chinese wisdom- _____, _____ and ______-and the Vinegar represents the “__________.”

• Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism • essence of life

What are the 6 fundamental principles of Confucianism?

Li Hsiao Yi Xin Jen Chung

_____ - principle of self-restraint it includes following social etiquette and mannerisms

Li - principle of ________ it includes following _______ and _______

self-restraint social etiquette and mannerisms

_______ - love for the immediate family and then society. If every family is united and happy, the society will prosper

Hsiao

Hsiao - love for the _______ family and then society. If every family is united and happy, the society will ______

immediate prosper

________ - principle of righteousness. It is upholding what is right above everything else and sacrificing oneself for it, if need be.

Yi - principle of ________. It is upholding what is _________ above everything else and sacrificing oneself for it, if need be.

righteousness right

_______ - principle of honesty in life. Being honest with oneself and being honest with the people around you builds trust and confidence

Xin

Xin - principle of ________. Being honest with oneself and being honest with the people around you builds trust and confidence

honesty in life

______ - most important of all principles. It means being _____ and ______ to your fellow beings

Jen kind and humane

______ - loyalty to one’s family and to one’s country. It is a quality which binds a country strongly together

Chung

Buddhism is propagated by _______ in ______ in the _______ BC. It spread into China by the _______ BC becoming the _____ of the major religions there

Siddharta Gautama India 5th Century 4th Century third

______ teaches the importance of reaching ______ or removal of ______ (Dukkha). It can only be achieved through the ______ of oneself and to overcome passions and desires.

Buddhism Nirvana suffering denial

TEACHING OF BUDDHISM -the Buddha's EIGHTFOLD PATH-

• Right Understanding • Right Thought • Right Speech • Right Action • Right Livelihood • Right Effort • Mindfulness • Concentration

-The Four Noble Truths-

1. All beings are subject to Dukkha. 2. Dukkha arises from desire and craving. 3. Dukkha can be overcome by the elimination of desire and craving. 4. There is a way out of dukkha, which is the Noble Eightfold Path. (Buddhism)

Taoism is propagated by the semi-legendary ______ in the _______ BC. Its teachings are respected by both Confucianism and Buddhism

Lao Tzu 6th Century

Taoism upholds that humans and animals should live in balance with the ______, or the ______.

Tao universe

____ believe in ________, where the ______ of the body joins the ______ after death.

Taoists spiritual immortality spirit universe

Three jewels of Taoism

Compassion Moderation Humility

The principle of _________ is that all things exist as inseparable and contradictory opposites, for example, female-male, dark-light and old-young. The pairs of equal opposites attract and complement each other.

Yin and Yang

The principle of Yin and Yang is that all things exist as _________ and ___________, for example, female-male, dark-light and old-young. The pairs of equal opposites attract and complement each other.

inseparable contradictory opposites