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AP Human Geography > Unit 3.1-3.2 > Flashcards

Unit 3.1-3.2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is migration?

A

a permanent move to a new location (intentional)

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2
Q

What is mobility?

A

one’s ability to move from place to place (can you? questions)

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3
Q

What is circulation?

A

short-term, repetitive movement

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4
Q

What is an example of circulation?

A

Going to work on a daily basis

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5
Q

What is the migration transition model?

A

a model that shows the stages of transition as the country develops

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6
Q

What is stage 1 of the migration transition model?

A

High daily or seasonal mobility in search of food

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6
Q

What is stage 2 of the migration transition model?

A

rural to urban emigration (interregional), high international immigration

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6
Q

Why is high daily or seasonal mobility stage 1 of the migration transition model?

A

In this time agriculture isn’t developed and humans are still hunters and gatherers

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6
Q

Why is rural to urban emigration and high international immigration stage 2 of the migration transition model?

A

Now that the industrial revolution is starting happen, more people are trying to find opportunities in developed and urban areas. Because the country is going through these changes it is attracting more international attention.

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6
Q

What is stage 3 of the migration transition model?

A

urban to suburban immigration (intraregional), high international immigration

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7
Q

What is stage 4 of the migration transition model?

A

urban to suburban immigration (intraregional), high international immigration (same as stage 3)

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8
Q

What are the leading destinations for immigrants in the United States?

A

California, Texas, Florida, and New York

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9
Q

Why is urban to suburban immigration (intraregional) and high international immigration traits of stage 3 and 4 in the migration transition model?

A

Now people kind of want to cool off and go to suburban areas instead of hotspot urban areas. Because the country is more developed and technologically advanced it gets a lot of international attention.

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10
Q

Why is Florida a leading destination for immigrants in the United States?

A

Florida is a gorgeous area with economic capital and a thriving tourism area.

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11
Q

Why is Texas a leading destination for immigrants in the United States?

A

Texas is a border state and has a coastal region

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12
Q

Why is California a leading destination for immigrants in the United States?

A

California takes in a lot of immigrants and has a pretty strong economy, has Hollywood, Silicon Valley

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13
Q

Why is New York a leading destination for immigrants in the United States?

A

New York is known for its very strong economy

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14
Q

What are the two categories for international migration?

A

Voluntary and Forced (for AP test at least)

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15
Q

What is voluntary migration?

A

Migration by CHOICE

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16
Q

What is forced migration?

A

Migration by FORCE

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17
Q

What is an example of voluntary migration?

A

-“Oh, I like this place because it’s gorgeous!”
-“I want to move here because of job opportunities!”
-“I love the way the politics is structured here!”

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18
Q

What are examples of forced migration?

A

-“I am running away from my sex trafficker!”
-“There’s a war breaking out and my life is in danger!”
-“A tornado wiped out my house and the city I live in!”

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19
Q

Where were the major international flow in 2014 located?

A

South Asia, East Asia, and Latin America and into North America, Europe, and Southwest Asia

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20
Q

What is a brain drain?

A

when people are educated in a space, and are trying to develop but those educated people are leaving for better opportunities

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21
Q

(T/F)? People usually migrate to countries where they speak the same language.

A

True

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22
Q

What is internal migration?

A

a permanent move within the same country

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23
Q

What are the two types of internal migration?

A

Intraregional and Interregional

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24
Q

What is interregional migration?

A

movement from one region to a different one

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25
Q

What is intraregional migration?

A

movement within one region

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26
Q

(T/F)? Mexico’s migration flows are international and intraregional and interregional.

A

True

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27
Q

What is emigration?

A

migration FROM a location

28
Q

What is immigration?

A

migration TO a location

29
Q

What is net migration?

A

the difference between the number of immigrants and the number of emigrants

30
Q

Where do more than 40% of international immigrants originate from?

A

Asia

31
Q

(T/F)? It’s easier for us to go to countries that colonized us because we share a lot of commonalities.

A

True

32
Q

(T/F)? Large migration flows are between countries in Asia and out of Asia, with the exception of Latin America to North America.

A

True

33
Q

(T/F)? Eastern Europe is a source region of migrants moving to Western and Northern Europe, in particular Germany.

A

True

34
Q

Why do a lot of people migrate to Germany?

A

-Germany is a pretty wealthy country
-NIR is decreasing
-Lots of economic opportunities

35
Q

(T/F)? Since the late twentieth century, the United Kingdom has had more immigration than emigration, especially from Europe and Asia.

A

True

36
Q

What are the three main eras of immigration in the United States?

A

Colonial Settlement, Mass European Immigration, Asian and Latin Immigration

37
Q

When did Colonial Settlement take place?

A

17th and 18th centuries

38
Q

Who settled in the United States during Colonial Settlement?

A

-France
-Spain
-British
-Africa
-Native Americans

39
Q

When did Mass European Immigration take place?

A

19th and 20th centuries

40
Q

Why did Mass European Immigration take place?

A

Industrialization (industrial revolution)

41
Q

Which countries immigrated to the U.S. during Mass European Immigration?

A

-Germany
-Ireland
-U.K.
-Italian
-China
-Polish
-Norwegian

42
Q

When did Chinese immigration start in the United States?

A

around the 1850’s

43
Q

What does the 19th-20th century time period affect our economy?

A

It created a shift towards manufacturing instead of agriculture

44
Q

(T/F)? The 19th-20th period is the moment where the United States started to grow in global power and became more competitive internationally.

A

True

45
Q

When did Asia and Latin Immigration take place?

A

Late 20th century and 21st century

46
Q

What countries immigrated to the U.S. during the Asia and Latin Immigration period?

A

-Cuba
-Mexico
-China
-Vietnam
-Nepal
-India
-South Korea
-Peru

(way more)

47
Q

(T/F)? Migration policies go hand in hand with birth rates in America.

A

True

48
Q

What are the population centers in the United States?

A

Hugging the Coast, Crossing the Appalachians, Rushing for Gold, Filling in the Great Plains, Moving South

49
Q

What time period did “Hugging the Coast” happen?

A

1790

50
Q

What does “Hugging the Coast” refer to?

A

the 13 colonies

51
Q

What time period did “Crossing the Appalachians” happen?

A

1800-1840

52
Q

What does “Crossing the Appalachians” refer to?

A

-ideas of starting to expand past the coast
-moving into the territory bought by the Louisiana purchase

53
Q

What time period did “Rushing for Gold” happen?

A

1850-1890

54
Q

What does “Rushing for Gold” refer to?

A

-establishing areas in the West Coast
-Chinese migration
-settlement in the far West

55
Q

What time period did “Filling in the Great Plains” happen?

A

1900-1940

56
Q

What does “Filling in the Great Plains” refer to?

A

-People start moving into the boring square states
-Not a lot of population density regardless of “filling them in”

57
Q

What time period did “Moving South” happen?

A

1950-2010

58
Q

What does “Moving South” refer to?

A

-the current movement
-a trend of people moving to the urban spaces in Southern areas because the cost of living is cheaper
-the urbanization and economic shift of the South

59
Q

(T/F) People who leave the south are usually from rural areas. There are many people who are going away from the south.

A

True

60
Q

(T/F)? A lot of people are leaving the central part of China to the coastal areas.

A

True

61
Q

Why are a lot of people are leaving the central part of China to the coastal areas?

A

Central China is a rural and rocky area which is harder to settle in. The cities are on the coasts because they make a lot of stuff so they are able to export things easily from the coast. It’s cheaper to make things on the coast

62
Q

What is a forward capital?

A

When you have a country and they had a capital, but then they decided to move it.

63
Q

(T/F)? Brazil’s interregional migrations show evidence of development of the interior.

A

True

64
Q

What was the change of Brazil’s capital?

A

Rio De Janeiro —–> Brasília

65
Q

Why did Brazil change it’s capital?

A

Brazil changed its capital to center the economy and politics and spread the population out.

66
Q

(T/F)? Canada’s interregional migration patterns are to the west like the U.S.

A

True

67
Q

(T/F)? Russia’s interregional migration patterns show the reversal of earlier attempts to populate its Asian regions.

A

True

68
Q

Where is rural to urban migration most common?

A

Developing countries

69
Q

Where is urban to suburban migration most common?

A

Developed countries

70
Q

(T/F)? Urban to rural (counterurbanization) observed in some cases (not a particular population where this takes place)

A

True

71
Q

What is counterurbanization?

A

Urban to rural migration

72
Q

(T/F)? Migration flows in Timor-Leste are mostly from rural areas into the capital and largest city of Dili.

A

True

73
Q

Where is the largest intraregional migration flow in the U.S.?

A

the city to the suburbs

AP Human Geography (9 decks)

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