Unit 3.1-3.2 Flashcards
What is migration?
a permanent move to a new location (intentional)
What is mobility?
one’s ability to move from place to place (can you? questions)
What is circulation?
short-term, repetitive movement
What is an example of circulation?
Going to work on a daily basis
What is the migration transition model?
a model that shows the stages of transition as the country develops
What is stage 1 of the migration transition model?
High daily or seasonal mobility in search of food
What is stage 2 of the migration transition model?
rural to urban emigration (interregional), high international immigration
Why is high daily or seasonal mobility stage 1 of the migration transition model?
In this time agriculture isn’t developed and humans are still hunters and gatherers
Why is rural to urban emigration and high international immigration stage 2 of the migration transition model?
Now that the industrial revolution is starting happen, more people are trying to find opportunities in developed and urban areas. Because the country is going through these changes it is attracting more international attention.
What is stage 3 of the migration transition model?
urban to suburban immigration (intraregional), high international immigration
What is stage 4 of the migration transition model?
urban to suburban immigration (intraregional), high international immigration (same as stage 3)
What are the leading destinations for immigrants in the United States?
California, Texas, Florida, and New York
Why is urban to suburban immigration (intraregional) and high international immigration traits of stage 3 and 4 in the migration transition model?
Now people kind of want to cool off and go to suburban areas instead of hotspot urban areas. Because the country is more developed and technologically advanced it gets a lot of international attention.
Why is Florida a leading destination for immigrants in the United States?
Florida is a gorgeous area with economic capital and a thriving tourism area.
Why is Texas a leading destination for immigrants in the United States?
Texas is a border state and has a coastal region
Why is California a leading destination for immigrants in the United States?
California takes in a lot of immigrants and has a pretty strong economy, has Hollywood, Silicon Valley
Why is New York a leading destination for immigrants in the United States?
New York is known for its very strong economy
What are the two categories for international migration?
Voluntary and Forced (for AP test at least)
What is voluntary migration?
Migration by CHOICE
What is forced migration?
Migration by FORCE
What is an example of voluntary migration?
-“Oh, I like this place because it’s gorgeous!”
-“I want to move here because of job opportunities!”
-“I love the way the politics is structured here!”
What are examples of forced migration?
-“I am running away from my sex trafficker!”
-“There’s a war breaking out and my life is in danger!”
-“A tornado wiped out my house and the city I live in!”
Where were the major international flow in 2014 located?
South Asia, East Asia, and Latin America and into North America, Europe, and Southwest Asia
What is a brain drain?
when people are educated in a space, and are trying to develop but those educated people are leaving for better opportunities
(T/F)? People usually migrate to countries where they speak the same language.
True
What is internal migration?
a permanent move within the same country
What are the two types of internal migration?
Intraregional and Interregional
What is interregional migration?
movement from one region to a different one
What is intraregional migration?
movement within one region
(T/F)? Mexico’s migration flows are international and intraregional and interregional.
True
What is emigration?
migration FROM a location
What is immigration?
migration TO a location
What is net migration?
the difference between the number of immigrants and the number of emigrants
Where do more than 40% of international immigrants originate from?
Asia
(T/F)? It’s easier for us to go to countries that colonized us because we share a lot of commonalities.
True
(T/F)? Large migration flows are between countries in Asia and out of Asia, with the exception of Latin America to North America.
True
(T/F)? Eastern Europe is a source region of migrants moving to Western and Northern Europe, in particular Germany.
True
Why do a lot of people migrate to Germany?
-Germany is a pretty wealthy country
-NIR is decreasing
-Lots of economic opportunities
(T/F)? Since the late twentieth century, the United Kingdom has had more immigration than emigration, especially from Europe and Asia.
True
What are the three main eras of immigration in the United States?
Colonial Settlement, Mass European Immigration, Asian and Latin Immigration
When did Colonial Settlement take place?
17th and 18th centuries
Who settled in the United States during Colonial Settlement?
-France
-Spain
-British
-Africa
-Native Americans
When did Mass European Immigration take place?
19th and 20th centuries
Why did Mass European Immigration take place?
Industrialization (industrial revolution)
Which countries immigrated to the U.S. during Mass European Immigration?
-Germany
-Ireland
-U.K.
-Italian
-China
-Polish
-Norwegian
When did Chinese immigration start in the United States?
around the 1850’s
What does the 19th-20th century time period affect our economy?
It created a shift towards manufacturing instead of agriculture
(T/F)? The 19th-20th period is the moment where the United States started to grow in global power and became more competitive internationally.
True
When did Asia and Latin Immigration take place?
Late 20th century and 21st century
What countries immigrated to the U.S. during the Asia and Latin Immigration period?
-Cuba
-Mexico
-China
-Vietnam
-Nepal
-India
-South Korea
-Peru
(way more)
(T/F)? Migration policies go hand in hand with birth rates in America.
True
What are the population centers in the United States?
Hugging the Coast, Crossing the Appalachians, Rushing for Gold, Filling in the Great Plains, Moving South
What time period did “Hugging the Coast” happen?
1790
What does “Hugging the Coast” refer to?
the 13 colonies
What time period did “Crossing the Appalachians” happen?
1800-1840
What does “Crossing the Appalachians” refer to?
-ideas of starting to expand past the coast
-moving into the territory bought by the Louisiana purchase
What time period did “Rushing for Gold” happen?
1850-1890
What does “Rushing for Gold” refer to?
-establishing areas in the West Coast
-Chinese migration
-settlement in the far West
What time period did “Filling in the Great Plains” happen?
1900-1940
What does “Filling in the Great Plains” refer to?
-People start moving into the boring square states
-Not a lot of population density regardless of “filling them in”
What time period did “Moving South” happen?
1950-2010
What does “Moving South” refer to?
-the current movement
-a trend of people moving to the urban spaces in Southern areas because the cost of living is cheaper
-the urbanization and economic shift of the South
(T/F) People who leave the south are usually from rural areas. There are many people who are going away from the south.
True
(T/F)? A lot of people are leaving the central part of China to the coastal areas.
True
Why are a lot of people are leaving the central part of China to the coastal areas?
Central China is a rural and rocky area which is harder to settle in. The cities are on the coasts because they make a lot of stuff so they are able to export things easily from the coast. It’s cheaper to make things on the coast
What is a forward capital?
When you have a country and they had a capital, but then they decided to move it.
(T/F)? Brazil’s interregional migrations show evidence of development of the interior.
True
What was the change of Brazil’s capital?
Rio De Janeiro —–> Brasília
Why did Brazil change it’s capital?
Brazil changed its capital to center the economy and politics and spread the population out.
(T/F)? Canada’s interregional migration patterns are to the west like the U.S.
True
(T/F)? Russia’s interregional migration patterns show the reversal of earlier attempts to populate its Asian regions.
True
Where is rural to urban migration most common?
Developing countries
Where is urban to suburban migration most common?
Developed countries
(T/F)? Urban to rural (counterurbanization) observed in some cases (not a particular population where this takes place)
True
What is counterurbanization?
Urban to rural migration
(T/F)? Migration flows in Timor-Leste are mostly from rural areas into the capital and largest city of Dili.
True
Where is the largest intraregional migration flow in the U.S.?
the city to the suburbs
