Unit 2: Population and Health (cont.)

Question 1

What is life expectancy?

Answer 1

the average amount of years an individual can be expected to live

Question 2

In a perfect world, what would happen to the life expectancy?

Answer 2

the life expectancy would keep increasing

Question 3

What is the elderly support ratio?

Answer 3

the number of working age people divided by the number of persons 65 and older

Question 4

Why do developing countries have a lower life expectancy?

Answer 4

they have less preventative care

Question 5

What is the elderly support ratio?

Answer 5

the number of working age people
_____________________________
persons 65 and older

Question 6

What is the difference in years between the shortest and longest lived countries?

Answer 6

20 years

Question 7

What is the average age that people in developed countries live up to?

Answer 7

80 and above

Question 8

(T/F)? The United States displays significantly different age structures in different states…

Answer 8

True

Question 9

Why do you think there are so many old people in Florida?

Answer 9

The state is a “retirement” state filled with various amenities…

Question 10

(T/F)? There are 9 people working for every elderly person

Answer 10

True

Question 11

WIll the number of people working per elderly person decline?

Answer 11

Yes

Question 12

What will be the ratio between the number of people working per elderly person in 2050?

Answer 12

4 people working per elderly person

Question 13

What is the dependency ratio?

Answer 13

of people to young or too old to work
________________________________
### of people in their productive years

Question 14

Which stage in the demographic transition model has a large population over the age of 15?

Answer 14

Stage 2

Question 15

Which stage in the demographic transition model has a large population over the age of 65?

Answer 15

Stage 4

Question 16

What is stage 1 of the epidemiological transition model?

Answer 16

Pestilence and Famine

Question 17

Why is stage 1 of the epidemiological transition model pestilence and famine?

Answer 17

Agriculture is not as developed, yet.

Question 18

What is stage 2 of the epidemiological transition model?

Answer 18

Receding pandemics

Question 19

Why is stage 2 of the epidemiological transition model receding pandemics?

Answer 19

Lack of antibiotics and vaccines

Question 20

What is stage 3 of the epidemiological transition model?

Answer 20

Degenerative diseases

Question 21

What are degenerative diseases?

Answer 21

Diseases that are usually prominent and found in an older population

Question 22

What are some examples of degenerative diseases?

Answer 22

Alzheimer’s, Cancer, Dementia, Parkinsons, etc.

Question 23

Why is stage 3 of the epidemiological transition model degenerative diseases?

Answer 23

Due to more of an aged/aging population

Question 24

What is stage 4 of the epidemiological transition model?

Answer 24

Delayed degenerative disease/lifestyle diseases

Question 25

What is the difference between delayed degenerative diseases and degenerative diseases?

Answer 25

Degenerative diseases happen more because they don't have treatment and preventative care, but delayed degenerative diseases are the opposite.

Question 25

What are delayed degenerative diseases?

Answer 25

Degenerative diseases, but delayed because of preventative care/treatment

Question 26

What are lifestyle diseases?

Answer 26

Diseases that you contract from recreational things... (too much of a good thing = bad thing...)

Question 27

What are some examples of lifestyle diseases?

Answer 27

Alcoholism, stroke, heart disease, asthma, obesity, etc.

Question 28

What is stage 5 of the epidemiological transition model?

Answer 28

Infections and parasitic diseases re-amerge

Question 29

Why do parasitic diseases re-emerge in stage 5 of the epidemiological transition model?

Answer 29

Viruses have started to build immunity to antibiotics and vaccines.

Question 30

(T/F)? Parasitic diseases re-emerge in stage 5 because of poverty?

Answer 30

Yes

Question 31

Why is a poverty a factor in stage 5 of the epidemiological transition model?

Answer 31

Because of poverty, areas that are poor do not have access they need to healthcare

Question 32

(T/F)? Parasitic diseases re-emerge because of globalization?

Answer 32

Yes

Question 33

Why is globalization a factor in stage 5 of the epidemiological transition model?

Answer 33

Because globalization helps transmission of viruses

Question 34

What is cholera?

Answer 34

Cholera is a waterborne disease that is made when feces and waste contaminate water

Question 35

When was the earliest findings of cholera?

Answer 35

In London, when they realized a street pump contaminated the water and was causing sickness in an area.

Question 36

Where have cholera outbreaks more recently occured?

Answer 36

Sub-Saharan Africa, the Caribbean, and South Asia

Question 37

Why are cholera outbreaks more centered in developing countries?

Answer 37

Having pure, clean water is not always accessible in developing countries

Question 38

What stage is cancer the most common?

Answer 38

Stage 3 or later

Question 39

Why is cancer sometimes considered a "privilege"...

Answer 39

People who live longer usually get cancer, and you have to be a more developed country to worry about that...

Question 40

Which stage do opioid related death almost exclusively occur?

Answer 40

Stage 4

Question 41

Why does stage 4 mose exclusively have the most opioid related deaths?

Answer 41

Developed countries usually buy and consume drugs, while developing countries make them...

Question 42

When will Japan enter stage 5?

Answer 42

In 2050

Question 43

What is a pronatalist policy?

Answer 43

supports having kids (higher birth rates)

Question 44

What is an antinatalist policy?

Answer 44

supports less kids (low birth rates)

Question 45

What causes CBR to decrease?

Answer 45

women being empowered, having access to education, higher investment necessary per child, and women in the workforce

Question 46

Is birth control the primary reason why the CBR decreases?

Answer 46

No, but it does help

Question 47

(T/F)? Birth rate around the world is decreasing except for a few exceptions..

Answer 47

True

Question 48

Is birth control discussed in developing countries?

Answer 48

Yes, some

Question 49

What are the effects of less family planning?

Answer 49

Higher NIR, CBR, TFR

Question 50

What are the effects of more family planning?

Answer 50

Lower NIR, CBR, TFR

Question 51

(T/F)? Malaria is primarily found in tropical regions of developing countries and has become very drug resistant.

Answer 51

True

Question 52

What type of people does malaria do not really affect?

Answer 52

People with the sickle cell trait

Question 53

Why is tuberculosis in more developing areas?

Answer 53

Tuberculosis treatment is expensive

Question 54

Why has HIV diffused around the world?

Answer 54

people moving and traveling and exchanging bodily fluids. (so like sex).

Question 55

How has HIV diffused across the United States?

Answer 55

Major international connection points such as airports

Question 56

Who is Malthus?

Answer 56

A geographer in 1798

Question 57

What was Malthus' theory?

Answer 57

Food will exceed population supply (food will grow geometrically, but population would grow arithmetically)

Question 58

Why was Malthus theory false?

Answer 58

Malthus couldn’t conceptualize the technological advancements that we were able to make in agriculture. He was witnessing a period of time where the population was increasing rapidly, so it was fair for those concerns to originate.

Question 59

What are neo-Malthusians?

Answer 59

People who believe in Malthus' principles, but in a more modern lense

Question 60

What do neo-Malthusians believe?

Answer 60

Population will ultimately exceed food or another resource (and already has in selected regions of the developing world).

Question 61

(T/F)? China’s food production has outpaced population growth, while African food production is barely enough to outpace population growth.

Answer 61

True

Question 62

How did the one child policy balance out the food production compared to the population growth?

Answer 62

It steadied the population so the food supply would be enough to sustain the population

Question 63

When did the one child policy take affect?

Answer 63

1979

Question 64

Why does Africa have a lot of people, but not enough food?

Answer 64

They have not mechanized agriculture so they cannot produce enough food, but they have the means to keep people alive.