Unit 3 Topic 8 Lesson 2 Weight Control

Question 1

avg weight increasing in US

Answer 1

2010 - 196 men, 166 women

Question 2

issues with obesity/risk factors

Answer 2

diabetes, heart disease, stroke, hypertension, cancer, diabetes

Question 3

Atkins diet

Answer 3

low carb high protein

Question 4

BMI

Answer 4

body mass index = weight (kg)/height (m^2)

Question 5

exceptions to BMI

Answer 5

doesn’t distinguish btw fat and muscle, athletes can have high BMI but not be obese

Question 6

the calorie

Answer 6

unit of measure: amoung of energy needed to raise the temp of 1 g of water by 1 degree C

Question 7

food calories

Answer 7

1 calorie = 1000 food calories (food measured in kilo calories)

Question 8

calorimeter

Answer 8

determine caloric value of food. burn and see how much heat is produced

Question 9

Wilbur Olin Atwater

Answer 9

original calorie determination. collected urine and fecal mater and burnt it for undigested food in both

Question 10

calories / nutrients

Answer 10

fat - 9 cal/gram
protein - 4 cal/gram
carbs - 4 cal/gram
fiber - 2 cal/gram

Question 11

fate of food in body is not same as in calorimeter

Answer 11

texture can make difference - not broken down same way

Question 12

metabolizable energy

Question 13

metabolizable energy

Question 14

metabolism

Answer 14

energy consumption by biochemical processes

Question 15

BMR

Answer 15

amount of energy expend in 24 hr period if you do nothing. total amount of energy needed to keep alive

Question 16

BMR variables

Answer 16

amount of potential energy is the same, humans are biochemical individual, doesn’t use same amount of energy to do same things

Question 17

metabolic syndrome

Answer 17

genetic, more than 100 cm waist, triglycerides above 1.7 mmol/L, HDL under 1 Mmol/L, B.P. >130 systolic/>85 diastolic, blood glucose > 6.1 Mmol/L
-do better on low carb diets

Question 18

Pima (native americans)

Answer 18

american pima are very overweight rather than mexican pima b/c of different lifestyles - genetic propensity but need bad diet to bring out

Question 19

brown fat

Answer 19

brown under microscope

• more adept at burning and releasing energy than other fat cells
• fridge - mice with brown fat are more likely to be lean and not shiver
• exercise converts white fat into brown fat
• white/brown fat ratio is genetic

Question 20

BMR and obesity

Answer 20

• can predict obesity in later life
• increases as weight is gained
• similar in obese and non-obese ppl

Question 21

setpoint theory

Answer 21

body has unconscious rate that it is happy with

• resists to cut back on calories, body readjusts - reduce BMR
• counter by exercise to increase BMR