Unit 3 Topic 1b ✓

Question 1

What are Isomers?

Answer 1

Isomers are molecules with the same molecular formula but different structural formula

Question 2

What is a Structural isomer?

Answer 2

A structural isomer is an isomer in which the atoms are bonded in a different order in each isomer

NOTE: Bonding

Question 3

What is a Stereoisomer?

Answer 3

A stereoisomer is an isomer in which the order of bonding is the same but the spatial arragments of atoms is different in each isomer

NOTE: Spatial arrangement

Question 4

Stereoisomer 1/2:

What is a Geometric isomer?

Answer 4

A geometric isomer is an isomer that lacks free rotation inside molecules due to a carbon to carbon double bond or a C-C bonded ring structure. It must also have different attached groups to each carbon atom

Question 5

What are Trans-isomers?

Answer 5

Trans-isomers are isomers where the groups are located on different sides of the bond with restricted rotation

Question 6

What is a Cis-isomer?

Answer 6

A cis-isomer is an isomer where the groups are located on the same side of the bond with restricted rotation

Question 7

What is Optical Isomerism?

Answer 7

Optical isomerism occurs in compounds when four different groups are attached to a central tetrahedral carbon
The resulting isomers are mirror images, asymetric, they are known as enantiomers

Question 8

What is the central carbon atom in optical isomerism called?

Answer 8

The central carbon atom is described as a chiral carbon