Unit 3 Topic 1a ✓

Question 1

What is a Haloalkane?

Answer 1

A haloalkane is a substituted alkane where one or more of the hydrogen atoms is replaced with a halogen atom

NOTE: Monohaloalkanes have one halogen atom

Question 2

What are Ethers?

Answer 2

Ethers are substituted alkanes where a hydrogen atom is replaced by an *alkoxy * functional group (-OR)

NOTE: Ethers are used as solvents

Question 3

What is Benzene?

Answer 3

Benzene is the simplest “aromatic” hydrocarbon.
Aromatic is used to describe organic molecules that contain a benzene ring.
Benzene has a conjugated system which makes it very stable

Question 4

What is a Conjugated system?

Answer 4

A conjugated system is alternate double and single bonds, it forms a very stable structure

Question 5

What are Amines?

Answer 5

Amines are organic derivatives of ammonia where at least one of the hydrogen atoms of ammonia is replaced by an alkyl (R) group

Question 6

What are Amides?

Answer 6

Amides are carboxylic acid derivatives where the -OH of the acid has been replaced by -NH2, -NHR or -NR2 of an amine

Question 7

What is a Nitrile?

Answer 7

A nitrile is an organic compound with a cyano group attached to the terminal carbon

Question 8

What is an Alkylammonium salt?

Answer 8

A salt that when heated forms the corresponding amide with the loss of water

Question 9

What are Esters?

Answer 9

Esters are formed from a condensation reaction between an alcahol and an acid (either carboxylic or acid chloride)
The alcahol provides the -yl part of the name, acid supplies the -oate part

Question 10

What is an Acid chloride?

Answer 10

An acid chloride is a molecule where the hydroxyl group of an acid is replaced by a chlorine atom.
Reaction with acid chloride is quicker than with carboxylic acid