Unit 3 Test - The Cultural Landscape

Question 1

What is a cultural landscape?

Answer 1

Structures within the physical landscape caused by human activity

Question 2

What 3 elements make up a cultural landscape?

Answer 2

• Agriculture and industry
• Religious and linguistic signs
• Landscaping

Question 3

Why do geographers study cultural landscape?

Answer 3

Because it reflects the belief, attitudes and identities of an area

Question 4

What are five things we can tell from cultural landscapes?

Answer 4

• Ethnicity
• Gender
• Religion
• Conservation
• History

Question 5

Ethnicity

Answer 5

A group of people that had a common ancestry or culture

Question 6

Five was that ethnicity can be seen on a cultural landscape

Answer 6

• Language
• Religious buildings or imagery
• Specialty stores
• Restaurants
• Markets

Question 7

Ethnic enclave

Answer 7

Smaller ethnically homogenous area situates within a larger and ore divers cultural area

Question 8

What are cultural enclaves associated with?

Answer 8

Step migration

Question 9

What can cultural enclaves be a response to

Answer 9

Discrimination

Question 10

What are cultural enclaves a mean of?

Answer 10

Cultural preservation

Question 11

Gender roles

Answer 11

A role or behavior learned by a person as appropriate to their gender

Question 12

What are gender norms determined by

Answer 12

Prevailing cultural norms

Question 13

What are three ways that gender can be seen on the landscape?

Answer 13

• Signs
• Specialty stores
• Female-centric businesses

Question 14

What are four ways religion can be seen on the landscape?

Answer 14

• Religious budlings/churches/temples
• Symbols
• Imagery
• Burial places ect.

Question 15

What is an Indigenous reservation?

Answer 15

An area set aside by the government for the specific use of Indigenous peoples

Question 16

Indigenous reservation have ___ and are usually located near ___

Answer 16

• Continuous history
• Economic-centric areas

Question 17

What can architecture tell us about a society?

Answer 17

Presence of status and monuments can tell us how a place views its history and society feels about its past

Question 18

What can land tell us about a society?

Answer 18

• Agriculture
• Natural resource management
• Parks and reserves

Question 19

Sequent occupancy

Answer 19

Idea that successive societies leave their cultural imprints on a place, each contributing to the cultural heritage

Question 20

Monotheistic

Answer 20

Religion worshiping one god

Question 21

Polytheistic

Answer 21

Religion worshipping many gods

Question 22

Ethnic religion

Answer 22

Religion associated with a certain ethnicity

Question 23

Universalizing religion

Answer 23

A type of religion meant to be applicable to all people

Question 24

Hearth

Answer 24

Place of origin for a widespread cultural trend

Question 25

Charter group

Answer 25

A group representing the most typical culture of host community

Question 26

Dispora

Answer 26

The spread of people from their original host land

Question 27

Missionary

Answer 27

Someone who is a member of a religious group who is sent to promote that groups faith or beliefs

Question 28

Animism

Answer 28

Belief that objects, places, and creatures a;; posses spiritual essence

Question 29

Secularism

Answer 29

Principle of separation of the state from religious institutions

Question 30

Theocracy

Answer 30

Form of government that believes god/gods/ or deities are in charge

Question 31

Fundamentalism

Answer 31

Strict following of religious scriptures pr any set of rules or beliefs

Question 32

Acculturation

Answer 32

Adaption of new cultural traits, such as language, by one group under the influence of another while still maintaining elements of their own culture

Question 33

Assimilation

Answer 33

Absorbing one cultural group into another until you can no longer differentiate the two

Question 34

Assimilation is almost ___ achieved

Answer 34

Never

Question 35

Syncretism

Answer 35

When traits from two cultures fuse to create a new cultural trait

Question 36

Multiculturalism

Answer 36

Coexistence of several cultures in one society with all cultures being valued and worthy of practice

Question 37

Nativism

Answer 37

Favoring those native to a country over immigrants

Question 38

Centripetal force

Answer 38

Force that brings people together

Question 39

Examples of centripetal force

Answer 39

- Shared history - Common language - Nationalism - Multiculturalism

Question 40

Why do some languages diffuse widely and some do not diffuse at all?

Answer 40

Because of the conquest of colonialism

Question 41

Centrifugal force

Answer 41

Force that divides people

Question 42

Examples of centrifugal force

Answer 42

- Unfair treatment of certain ethnicities or cultural groups - Diversity - Nativism

Question 43

How did language lead to a culture clash in Canada?

Answer 43

French and English were both declared official languages which caused tensions and separations in Canada, leading to Quebec wanting to leave Canada

Question 44

Ethnic cleansing

Answer 44

Forced removal of a major ethnic group from a territory

Question 45

Genocide

Answer 45

Deliberate killing of a large number of people from a particular cultural or ethnic group with aim of destroying that group

Question 46

Linguists

Answer 46

People who study languages

Question 47

Language family

Answer 47

Languages related through common ancestry that existed long before history

Question 48

What is the largest language family?

Answer 48

Ind-European

Question 49

Language branch

Answer 49

Languages within a family, related through common ancestral language that existed thousands of years ago

Question 50

Language group

Answer 50

Collection of languages within a branch that share a common origin in the relatively recent past and are similar in vocabulary and grammar

Question 51

What is the proto-indo European language?

Answer 51

Due to similarities in languages people believe that many language families descended from on e ancient language

Question 52

Official language

Answer 52

Language designated by a country as their official language for documents, law, report, and public information

Question 53

Dialect

Answer 53

Regional variations in languages distinguished by differences in vocabulary, spelling, and pronunciation

Question 54

Received pronunciation

Answer 54

Standard form of British English Pronunciation

Question 55

Isogloss

Answer 55

Words usage boundaries determined by collected data

Question 56

Pidgin language

Answer 56

Simplified version of a language allowing two speakers to communicate

Question 57

Creolized language

Answer 57

Language that a mixture of colonizer and native languages

Question 58

Lingua Franca

Answer 58

Common language between speaker that speak different native languages

Question 59

Isolated language

Answer 59

Language unrelated to any other language families

Question 60

Endangered language

Answer 60

A language dying off because the speakers are dying an not teaching the newer generations

Question 61

Extinct language

Answer 61

Language no longer spoken or used