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Human Geography > Unit 3 Test - The Cultural Landscape > Flashcards

Unit 3 Test - The Cultural Landscape Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a cultural landscape?

A

Structures within the physical landscape caused by human activity

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2
Q

What 3 elements make up a cultural landscape?

A
  • Agriculture and industry
  • Religious and linguistic signs
  • Landscaping
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3
Q

Why do geographers study cultural landscape?

A

Because it reflects the belief, attitudes and identities of an area

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4
Q

What are five things we can tell from cultural landscapes?

A
  • Ethnicity
  • Gender
  • Religion
  • Conservation
  • History
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5
Q

Ethnicity

A

A group of people that had a common ancestry or culture

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6
Q

Five was that ethnicity can be seen on a cultural landscape

A
  • Language
  • Religious buildings or imagery
  • Specialty stores
  • Restaurants
  • Markets
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7
Q

Ethnic enclave

A

Smaller ethnically homogenous area situates within a larger and ore divers cultural area

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8
Q

What are cultural enclaves associated with?

A

Step migration

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9
Q

What can cultural enclaves be a response to

A

Discrimination

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10
Q

What are cultural enclaves a mean of?

A

Cultural preservation

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11
Q

Gender roles

A

A role or behavior learned by a person as appropriate to their gender

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12
Q

What are gender norms determined by

A

Prevailing cultural norms

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13
Q

What are three ways that gender can be seen on the landscape?

A
  • Signs
  • Specialty stores
  • Female-centric businesses
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14
Q

What are four ways religion can be seen on the landscape?

A
  • Religious budlings/churches/temples
  • Symbols
  • Imagery
  • Burial places ect.
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15
Q

What is an Indigenous reservation?

A

An area set aside by the government for the specific use of Indigenous peoples

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16
Q

Indigenous reservation have ___ and are usually located near ___

A
  • Continuous history
  • Economic-centric areas
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17
Q

What can architecture tell us about a society?

A

Presence of status and monuments can tell us how a place views its history and society feels about its past

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18
Q

What can land tell us about a society?

A
  • Agriculture
  • Natural resource management
  • Parks and reserves
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19
Q

Sequent occupancy

A

Idea that successive societies leave their cultural imprints on a place, each contributing to the cultural heritage

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20
Q

Monotheistic

A

Religion worshiping one god

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21
Q

Polytheistic

A

Religion worshipping many gods

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22
Q

Ethnic religion

A

Religion associated with a certain ethnicity

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23
Q

Universalizing religion

A

A type of religion meant to be applicable to all people

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24
Q

Hearth

A

Place of origin for a widespread cultural trend

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25
Q

Charter group

A

A group representing the most typical culture of host community

26
Q

Dispora

A

The spread of people from their original host land

27
Q

Missionary

A

Someone who is a member of a religious group who is sent to promote that groups faith or beliefs

28
Q

Animism

A

Belief that objects, places, and creatures a;; posses spiritual essence

29
Q

Secularism

A

Principle of separation of the state from religious institutions

30
Q

Theocracy

A

Form of government that believes god/gods/ or deities are in charge

31
Q

Fundamentalism

A

Strict following of religious scriptures pr any set of rules or beliefs

32
Q

Acculturation

A

Adaption of new cultural traits, such as language, by one group under the influence of another while still maintaining elements of their own culture

33
Q

Assimilation

A

Absorbing one cultural group into another until you can no longer differentiate the two

34
Q

Assimilation is almost ___ achieved

A

Never

35
Q

Syncretism

A

When traits from two cultures fuse to create a new cultural trait

36
Q

Multiculturalism

A

Coexistence of several cultures in one society with all cultures being valued and worthy of practice

37
Q

Nativism

A

Favoring those native to a country over immigrants

38
Q

Centripetal force

A

Force that brings people together

39
Q

Examples of centripetal force

A
  • Shared history
  • Common language
  • Nationalism
  • Multiculturalism
40
Q

Why do some languages diffuse widely and some do not diffuse at all?

A

Because of the conquest of colonialism

41
Q

Centrifugal force

A

Force that divides people

42
Q

Examples of centrifugal force

A
  • Unfair treatment of certain ethnicities or cultural groups
  • Diversity
  • Nativism
43
Q

How did language lead to a culture clash in Canada?

A

French and English were both declared official languages which caused tensions and separations in Canada, leading to Quebec wanting to leave Canada

44
Q

Ethnic cleansing

A

Forced removal of a major ethnic group from a territory

45
Q

Genocide

A

Deliberate killing of a large number of people from a particular cultural or ethnic group with aim of destroying that group

46
Q

Linguists

A

People who study languages

47
Q

Language family

A

Languages related through common ancestry that existed long before history

48
Q

What is the largest language family?

A

Ind-European

49
Q

Language branch

A

Languages within a family, related through common ancestral language that existed thousands of years ago

50
Q

Language group

A

Collection of languages within a branch that share a common origin in the relatively recent past and are similar in vocabulary and grammar

51
Q

What is the proto-indo European language?

A

Due to similarities in languages people believe that many language families descended from on e ancient language

52
Q

Official language

A

Language designated by a country as their official language for documents, law, report, and public information

53
Q

Dialect

A

Regional variations in languages distinguished by differences in vocabulary, spelling, and pronunciation

54
Q

Received pronunciation

A

Standard form of British English Pronunciation

55
Q

Isogloss

A

Words usage boundaries determined by collected data

56
Q

Pidgin language

A

Simplified version of a language allowing two speakers to communicate

57
Q

Creolized language

A

Language that a mixture of colonizer and native languages

58
Q

Lingua Franca

A

Common language between speaker that speak different native languages

59
Q

Isolated language

A

Language unrelated to any other language families

60
Q

Endangered language

A

A language dying off because the speakers are dying an not teaching the newer generations

61
Q

Extinct language

A

Language no longer spoken or used

62
Q
A

Human Geography (7 decks)

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