Unit 3 Test Flashcards
Imperialism
The policy in which stronger nations extend their economic, political, or military control over weaker countries
Queen Liliuokalani
Queen of Hawaii, surrendered to the US in 1893
William Seward
Supporter of American expansion, Secretary of State under presidents Lincoln and Johnson, arranged for US to buy Alaska in 1867 (for $7 million)
Pearl Harbor
Hawaii’s best port
Jose Marti
Cubana poet, launched a revolution against Spain in 1896
Yellow Journalism
Exaggerates the news to lure and enrage readers
U.S.S. Maine
US ship that was on its way to Cuba when it blew up on Feb. 15, 1898, killing 260 men.
George Dewey
Commodore who gave the command to open fire on the Spanish fleet at Manila. Won the battle in the Philippines.
Rough Riders
A volunteer cavalry under the command of Leonard Wood and Theodore Roosevelt
San Juan Hill
Strategically important place in the battle near Santiago, Cuba
Treaty of Paris
Ended the war, Cuba freed, and US received islands of Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines
Platt Amendment
The US insisted that Cuba add these several provisions to its constitution
1) Cuba couldn’t make treaties that could limit its independence
2) The US could intervene in Cuba
3) Cuba couldn’t go into debt
4) The US could buy and lease land for naval stations and refueling stations
Protectorate
A country whose affairs are partially controlled by a stronger power
Emilio Aguinaldo
The rebel leader that believed that the US had promised independence
Open Door notes
The notes were letters addressed to the leaders of imperialist nations proposing that nation share their trading rights with the US. This meant that no single nation would have a monopoly on trade with any part of China.
1) The growth of the US economy depend on exports
2) The US had a right to intervene abroad to keep foreign markets open
3) They feared that the closing of an area to American products threatened US survival
Boxer Rebellion
The Boxers, a group of Chinese martial arts members, who wanted to rid their country of foreign influence, killed hundreds of foreigners. Foreign forces stepped in and stopped the rebellion.
Panama Canal
The canal that was built through Panama, Cuba to reduce the travel time between America’s coasts.
Roosevelt Corollary
Said that the US would now use force to protect its economic interest in Latin America
Dollar diplomacy
Using the US government to guarantee loans made to foreign countries by American businesspeople
“Pancho” Villa
A fierce nationalist, had frequently courted the support and aid of the US
Emiliano Zapata
Son of a mestizo peasant, was dedicated to land reform
John Pershing
Brigadier General who was ordered, along with a force of 15,000 soldiers, into Mexico to capture Villa dead or alive
Nationalism
A devotion to the interests and culture of one’s nation
Militarism
The development of armed forces and their use as a tool of diplomacy
The Allies
France, Britain, and Russia
The Central Powers
Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire
Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Heir to the Austrian throne, his assassination sparked WWI
“No Man’s Land”
A barren expanse of mud pockmarked with shell craters and filled with barbed wire. Space between trenches.
Trench warfare
Armies fought for mere yards of ground
Lusitania
British liner that was sunk by a German U-boat. 1,198 people died, including 128 Americans. Convinced US to join the Allies.
Zimmerman note
A telegram from the German foreign minister to the German ambassador in Mexico that was intercepted by British agents. It proposed an alliance between Mexico and Germany and promised that if war with the US broke out, Germany would help Mexico recover their “stolen” territory.
Eddie Rickenbacker
Famous fighter pilot of WWI, engaged in 134 air battles and downing 26 enemy aircraft, won fame as the Allied pilot with the most victories
War Industries Board
Led by Bernard Baruch, urged companies to eliminate waste by standardizing products, increased industrial production by 20%
Propaganda
Biased communication designed to influence people’s thoughts and actions
George Creel
Leader of the Committee of Public Information, propaganda agency
Espionage and Sedition Acts
A person could be fined or jailed for 20 years for interfering with the war effort or for saying anything disloyal about the government or the war effort
Great Migration
Large scale movement of thousands of Southern blacks to the North, in search of jobs and to escape discrimination
14 points
Wilson’s world peace plan. The first five 5 points had to be addressed to prevent another war. The next 8 points dealt with boundary changes. The 14th point create the League of Nations.
League of Nations
Provided a forum for nations to discuss and settle their grievances without having to resort to war
Georges Clemenceau
The french premier, who had lived through two German invasions of France and was determined to prevent future invasions
David Lloyd George
The British prime minister who had won reelection on the slogan “Make Germany Pay”
Treat of Versailles
Established nine new nations and shifted the boundaries of other nations
War-guilt clause
Forced Germany to admit sole responsibility for starting WWI
Henry Cabot Lodge
Conservative senator who was suspicious of the provision for joint economic and military action against aggression.
