UNIT 3: SENSATION & PERSPECTIVES

Question 1

Transduction

Answer 1

Is the process of converting physical energy into electrical signals

Question 2

Bottom- Up Processing

Answer 2

Build up from the smallest pieces of sensory information

Question 3

Top-Down Processing

Answer 3

Brain applies what it knows and expects to perceive sensory information.

Question 4

Absolute Threshold

Answer 4

The point where you notice that a stimulus is present.

Question 5

Difference Threshold

Answer 5

The point where you can detect the difference between stimuli

Question 6

Sensory Adaptation

Answer 6

Reduced sensitivity to a stimulus after constant exposure to it.

Question 7

Cocktail Party Effect

Answer 7

Ability to focus on a particular sound while partial filtering out other sounds

Question 8

Inattentional Blindness

Answer 8

Focus on one stimulus will lead to between blind to other stimuli (change blindness=miss changes).

Question 9

Perceptual Set

Answer 9

Predisposition to perceive things in a certain way (notice certain aspects of an object/situation while ignoring other details).

Question 10

Rods

Answer 10

Responsible for vision at low light levels

Question 11

Cones

Answer 11

Vision at higher light levels and capable of color vision.

Question 12

Blind Spot

Answer 12

Area in eye with no receptor cells

Question 13

Opponent-Process Theory

Answer 13

Repeated exposure to stimulus will cause less of an initial reaction and a stronger opposing reaction

Red-Green
Blue-Yellow
Black-White

Question 14

Binocular Cues

Answer 14

Depth perception using two eyes

Question 15

Monocular Cues

Answer 15

Depth perception using one eye.

Question 16

PERCEPTUAL ORGANIZATION

Answer 16

Ways that humans organize information

Question 17

Figure Ground

Answer 17

ability to differentiate an object from its background.

Question 18

Grouping

Answer 18

Tendency to organize stimuli into coherent groups

Question 19

What are the 6 ways you can perceive images?

Answer 19

1. Proximity
2. Similarity
   3.Continuity
   4.Closure
   5.Area
   6.Symmetry

Question 20

Proximity

Answer 20

Objects that are close together are more likely to be perceived as belonging in the same group

Question 21

Similarity

Answer 21

State the likenesses between items or arrange items in categories according to their similarities

Question 22

Continuity

Answer 22

The ability to continue the same way indefinitely

Question 23

Closure

Answer 23

The illusion of seeing an incomplete stimulus as though it were whole

Question 24

Area

Answer 24

How much area there is in an image

Question 25

Symmetry

Answer 25

If the things line up together

Question 26

Visual Cliff

Answer 26

Laboratory device for testing depth perception in infants

Question 27

Shape and Size Consistencies

Answer 27

We perceive the form of familiar objects as constant even while our retinas receive changing images of them.

Question 28

Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Answer 28

Damage to your inner ear (tiny hair cells)

Question 29

Conduction Hearing Loss

Answer 29

Anatomical structure in the ear block the passage of sound.

Question 30

Cochlea

Answer 30

Sound waves traveling through the cochlea fluid trigger nerve impulses.

Question 31

Gate- Control Theory

Answer 31

The theory that the spinal cord contains a neurological “gate” that blocks pain signals or allows them to pass on to the brain.

Question 32

Kinesthesia

Answer 32

Our movement sense

Question 33

Vestibular Sense

Answer 33

Our sense of body movement and position that enables out sense of balance.