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business managment > unit 3 sac 3 > Flashcards

unit 3 sac 3 Flashcards

1
Q

what is operations management

A

operations management is the management of resources and functions within a business to achieve efficient output of finished goods and services in a way that adds value to its customers.

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2
Q

what is productivity

A

the ratio of outputs of goods and services to the inputs used to achieve that output

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3
Q

what is a manufacturing organisation

A

proves a physical product either as a finished product or a component part used as input in another manufacturing system

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4
Q

what is a service organisation

A

provides an intangible product for example finance services.

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5
Q

what are the differences between manufacturing and service org

A
  • man is tangible service is intangible
  • man can be stored service cant
    -man has minimal customer contact serv has high
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6
Q

what are the similarities of manufacturing and service orgs

A
  • aim to produce high quality goods and services at a low price
  • deal with customers and suppliers
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7
Q

what are the key elements of operations systems

A
  • inputs
  • process/transformation
  • outputs
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8
Q

what are inputs

A

resources such as raw materials, labor, plant, equipment, capital and information used in any organizational production system.

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9
Q

what is transformation

A

the process involved in converting inputs into outputs

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10
Q

what is outputs

A

transformed inputs that are returned to the external environment as products and services

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11
Q

what is efficiency

A

how well the organization transforms its inputs into outputs

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12
Q

what is effectiveness

A

how well an organization achieves its objectives

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13
Q

what is automated production lines

A

the replacement of human activity, comprises of a series of sequential workstations linked by a transfer system and and electrical control system.

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14
Q

what is CAD

A

a software tool that facilitates the creation and development of designs and creates a database for manufacturing

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15
Q

what is CAM

A

the use of software applications that create detailed instructions that drive computer controlled manufacturing.

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16
Q

what is artificial intelligence

A

deals with the development of computer programs that initiate human intelligence

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17
Q

what is online services

A

refers to any information or service that a business offers over the internet

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18
Q

what technology strategies that improve efficiency

A
  • auto prod lines - reduced production time , completes the tasks faster than human labor
  • autom, cad and cam - reduced labor costs, replaces human labor
  • automation - works continously without breaks, improves productivity
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19
Q

what is quality

A

the degree of excellence in a good or service and its ability to satisfy the customer.

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20
Q

what is quality control

A

The process of checking the quality standards of work done or quality of raw materials or components parts after final production.

reactive

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21
Q

what is quality assurance

A

a system established to ensure that predetermined quality standards are being achieved.

aims to build quality into work processes, thereby avoiding errors before they occur.

proactive

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22
Q

what is total quality managment

A

a concept where by all staff in a business have responsibility for its processes and outputs

for example employees are placed into high quality circles and are required to work together to achieve quality improvements on an ongoing basis

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23
Q

what technology strategy improves effectiveness

A
  • cad, cam, automation - improves accuracy, reduces defects
  • consistent and improed quality
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24
Q

what quality managment strategy improves efficiency

A
  • TQM and assurance both reduce waste
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25
Q

what quality managment strategy improves effectiveness

A
  • they aim to improve the overall quality of the product
  • customer satisfaction improves if quality does
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26
Q

what is forecasting

A

when the operations manager predicts what materials they require for future production, they locate and acquire a regular and reliable supply of high quality inputs. its vital to efficient operations management.

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27
Q

what is master production schedule

A

is a statement of what a business intents to produce in what quantities over a set time frame taking into account forecast customer demand an production cost

28
Q

what is materials requirement planning

A

is a computer based inventory managment system which determines what materials are required and when.

29
Q

what is just in time

A

an inventory managment system that which aims to avoid holding any stock. supplies arrive just as needed for production and finished goods are immediately dispatched or sold customers.

30
Q

what materials management strategy improves efficiency

A
  • all have reliable and regular supply, ensure operating at max effic
  • JIT can decrease costs (storage)
31
Q

what materials strategy improves effectiveness

A

ensure high quality inputs so improves the quality of the outputs

32
Q

what is lean managment

A

aims to deliver customer value by systematically eliminating waste and focusing on continuous improvements.

33
Q

what is pull

A

when the rate of production is determined by customer demand business only produce what is already ordered.

34
Q

what is one piece flow

A

uninterrupted flow of process from the beginning until the end of the production process. all steps are aligned and unnecessary activities that are wasteful are removed from the process.

35
Q

what is takt

A

German word meaning timing and refers to the consistent continuous rhythm is production.

36
Q

what is zero defects

A

focus on quality, identifying potential defects as soon as possible to ensure any issues are resolved quickly.

37
Q

what lean managment improves efficiency

A
  • pull ensures inventory is kept at a minimum so waste is reduced
  • one piece flow - reduces down time in production
38
Q

what lean managment improves effectiveness

A
  • pull improves customer satisf as orders received are less likely to be defective
  • zero improves quality
39
Q

what is waste

A

any action in the production process that does not add value for the customer

40
Q

what is reduce

A

decrease use of resources, activities labour and tim

41
Q

what is reuse

A

if waste is produced, make an effort to repurpose instead of discarding

42
Q

what is recycle

A

convert waste material into reusable products

43
Q

how does waste minimization improve efficiency

A
  • costs savings in the form of lower waste disposal costs, lower energy costs, lower storage costs
44
Q

what waste minimization improves effectiveness

A

costs savings can be passed onto customers by either reducing selling’s price or reinvesting into improving quality, improving customer satisfaction

45
Q

what is CSR

A

csr is a concept whereby organizations consider the interests of society by taking responsibility for the impact fo their activities on customers, suppliers, employees, shareholders, communities an other stakeholders as well as the environment.

46
Q

what is global sourcing of inputs

A

involves selection and use of suppliers from overseas location

47
Q

overseas manufacturing

A

when the processes stage of the operations system is concluded in an overseas location

48
Q

what is global sourcing

A

when a business organization contracts another overseas business to perform same its role or functions. for example it is often outsorced.

49
Q

what are just in time advantages

A
  • reduces storage costs
  • eliminates waste - all inputs are used for production and all outputs are sold to customers
  • reduced storage space requirements
50
Q

what are disadvantages for Just in time

A
  • chance of delay can halt production
  • allows less time for quality checks to be made on materials as they arrive
  • more frequently deliveries can be costly
51
Q

what are advantages of csr

A
  • positive impact on CC - reduce staff turnover and abseentism
  • attract and retain more customers - increase profit and market share
  • shareholders are more likely to invest in a business with superior csr
52
Q

what are advantages of global sources

A
  • opportunity to take advantage of global efficiency’s - countries are good at different things
  • skills and resources not found in the home nation can be tapped
53
Q

what are disadvantages of global sources

A
  • hidden costs - related to the zone and language barriers
  • time - reliance in suppliers and products from overseas can cause delays
54
Q

what are the advanatges of quality control

A
  • helps prevent defective goods being sold
  • does not interrupt production
55
Q

what are disadvantages of quality control

A
  • potential waste of resources
  • more employees needed
  • not all employees feel responsible for quality
56
Q

what are the advantages of quality assurance

A
  • enhances motivation of employees, who understand the importance of their effort
  • competitive advantage nationally and internationally
    errors are prevented, reducing costs
57
Q

what are the disadvantages of quality assurance

A
  • high initial costs
  • time consuming to train staff to meet quality assurance standards
58
Q

what are the advantages of TQM

A
  • improved customer satisfaction
  • improved productivity, employee morale and job satisfaction
58
Q

what are the disadvantages of TQM

A
  • required deep while organization commitment
  • if management fails to fully implement its partial efforts will fail.
59
Q

what are the advantages of forecasting

A
  • anticipates seasonal changes and adjusts
  • prevents over ordering and reduces storage requirements
60
Q

what are the disadvantages of forecasting

A
  • requires time to anticipate changed and adjust
  • can be difficult to select the right forecasting methods
61
Q

what is the advantages of master production schedule

A
  • determines ordering quantities and timing- avoiding waste, shortages and costs
  • provides clear processes for staff to follow
62
Q

what is the disadvantages of master production schedule

A
  • set up is complex and time consuming
  • doesn’t account for all situations
63
Q

what is the advantages of materials requirement planning

A
  • reduces waste, storage and labor costs
  • applicable to many industries
64
Q

what is the disadvantages of materials requirement planning

A
  • expensive to set up
  • highly dependent on data
  • doesn’t allow for forecasts
65
Q

what are the advantages of automation

A
  • continuous so it doesn’t require breaks like human labor, increases efficiency as inputs such as time decrease
  • reduces defects if programmed correctly, more precise than human labor, decreases waste, increase effectiveness as customer satisfaction goes up
66
Q

what are the disadvantages of automation

A
  • costly to purchase and ongoing maintenance expenses, therefore decreases effectiveness as expenses go up as well as the selling price so customer satisfaction goes down
  • breakdown can halt production so decreases efficiency as inputs increase like time.

business managment (6 decks)

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