Unit 3 Quiz - Slavery

Question 1

Slavery in Constitution

Answer 1

3/5th Compromise, Gagrule, Fugitive Slave Clause, Euphemisms used.

Question 2

In what Article and Clause is the Fugitive Slave Clause mentioned?

Answer 2

Article 4, Section 2

Question 3

What does the Fugitive Slave Clause state?

Answer 3

That if any person held to service or labor (slaves/servants), escapes said labor, they shall be returned to their owners.

Question 4

What is the 3/5 Compromise?

Answer 4

3/5 of “other” people (slaves) population would determine direct taxation and representation in the House of Representatives

Question 5

Where is the 3/5th Compromise mentioned?

Answer 5

Article 1, Section 2

Question 6

How is the 3/5th compromise mentioned?

Answer 6

Refers indirectly to black people, a common trend in the constitution.

Question 7

Status of Slave Trade in Constitution

Answer 7

Gagrule?

Question 8

What is a Euphemism?

Answer 8

An indirect word or expression substituted for one considered too harsh or blunt, when referring to something unpleasant or embarrassing.

Question 9

What euphemisms are used in the Constitution?

Answer 9

phrases like “bound to service, held to service, other people, and importations of persons.”

Question 10

Euphamism used for slavery:

Answer 10

The Peculiar Institution

Question 11

Who would use a euphemism like this to refer to slavery?

Answer 11

White property owners, person of authority (Founding Fathers).

Question 12

What are the ways in which slavery is “peculiar”?

Answer 12

Contradicts American values (freedom, liberty, justice for all, unity, equality, democracy, opportunity, individualism).

Question 13

Arguments for constitution being pro-slavery?

Answer 13

• 10 out of 11 clauses in constitution promoted slave trade.
• Congress gagrule on slave trade
• The refusal to mention slaves directly
• 3/5th compromise
• Vast majority of Founding Fathers were slave owners
• Congress mostly controlled by slave-owning states

Question 14

Arguments for constitution for being against slavery?

Answer 14

• Enslaved people were defined legally as “persons” and not property.
• Madison mentioned in secrecy notes that “slaves are not merchandise”
• Gagrule–> only 20 years (will eventually end)

Question 15

How were Europe, Africa, and the Americas involved in the Triangular Trade?

Answer 15

Europe to Africa–> manifactured goods (pots, pans, guns, alcohol, horses)
Africa to Americas (North and South)–> Sold to Americas for goods
Americas to Europe–> Sugar, Cotton, Rum, Tobacco, Coffee

Question 16

What is the Middle Passage?

Answer 16

Passage between Africa and Americas

Question 17

What was the Middle Passage journey like?

Answer 17

• 2 to 3 month journey
• 500 to 600 slaves packed into shape space
• Captains only earned commissions on slaves they landed (more slaves survived–> more money)

Question 18

How did Olaudah Equiano describe the middle passage?

Answer 18

Describe what took place
What stood out

Question 19

In what year did the first Africans in America arrive?

Answer 19

1619, Jamestown Virginia

Question 20

What is Indentured Servitude?

Answer 20

Signing a contract binding you to your master for 3-7 years (voluntarily)

Question 21

Why would someone want to commit to indentured servitude?

Answer 21

• Passage to America
• Food (famine common in Europe)
  -Clothing
  -Shelter
• Salary (skin color can determine if you have one or not)

Question 22

Slavery is simply defined as

Answer 22

Forced against will to work, not payed, people used as property.

Question 23

What would male servants work as/in?

Answer 23

Brick layering, cooking, coachmen, blacksmith, musician

Question 24

What would female servants work as/in?

Answer 24

Laundry, sewing, housekeeping

Question 25

What did Thomas Smythe mention when slaves started to come into the field?

Answer 25

He said that they kept Africans away from the indentured slaves for fear of shared rebellion.

Question 26

“Society with slaves to a slave society”

Answer 26

Thomas Smythe

Question 27

How did Thomas Smythe feel while serving for his master

Answer 27

Fell sick, only thought about survival, master not happy with him. Hates how he is living life, but has hope in God.

Question 28

How did Thomas Smythe get treated?

Answer 28

Better than most because of his blacksmith skills

Question 29

What was Thomas Smythe’s experience on the Middle Passage like?

Answer 29

-Crowded ships
-Rough seas
-Little food
-Illness, disease, death

Question 30

How do slave owners justify slavery?

Answer 30

• “The Greeks and Romans had slaves too, and their government were Republics and Democracies like ours”
• “Slavery keeps troublemaking black people under control”
• “Slavery was in the bible, so it couldn’t be wrong.”
• “Slavery is good for economy.”

Question 31

Why was the Fugitive State Law enforced?

Answer 31

White people belief that if slave runs away, will start murdering citizens.

Question 32

What happened when the British economy improved in 1680?

Answer 32

British economy went up, more jobs available. Indentured servitude rates went down, so slavery became a commercial necessity.

Question 33

Why did the cotton gin increase slave labor?

Answer 33

The more cotton being produced–> the more demand for it, the more slaves needed

Question 34

What was the backbone of the slave economy?

Answer 34

The South

Question 35

What is the Planter Aristocracy?

Answer 35

Southern Society run by elite wealthy planters, especially those holding hereditary titles or offices.

Question 36

Yeomen/Subsistence farmers

Answer 36

• poor farmers
• bad soil
• lived in backcountry and mountains

Question 37

What is Chattel Slavery?

Answer 37

Owned for life, children enslaved, property

Question 38

Owned small amount of slaves..

Answer 38

but made up majority of masters.

Question 39

How would a woman’s slave price be determined?

Answer 39

• Prices correlated with remaining years of fertility
• Price would be diminished if menopause
• How attractive the female slave was

Question 40

Ways they promoted slaves for them to be sold:

Answer 40

• Young
  -Speaks English
• Make it known no disease on slave

Question 41

Where would the slave auction sales be put in newspapers?

Answer 41

On the last page in a small part of page with property/animals advertised

Question 42

What were some jobs that urban slaves performed?

Answer 42

Domestic labor
Industrial Work
Loading Goods into Ships
Transporting Goods

Question 43

How was urban slavery different than rural slavery?

Answer 43

Urban slaves werent controlled by agricultural calender
When ships came in, when they were loaded
The rhythm of work was fast paced and different

Question 44

What are cash crops?

Answer 44

profit crop which is grown only for selling and profiting (cotton and tobacco)

Question 45

Urban slavery involved a lot of forced intimacy, such as…

Answer 45

Slave lived with owner, to have sleeping at foot of bed
Rung bell to bring food/water/anything really
Seperation from slave communities