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AP Environmental Science > Unit 3 - Population Ecology > Flashcards

Unit 3 - Population Ecology Flashcards

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1
Q

Population Ecology

A

Study of why populations grow or shrink

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2
Q

Ecosystem

A

Living things and their non-living environment interacting

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3
Q

Community

A

Different species living and interacting in one area

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4
Q

Population

A

Group of the same species in an area

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5
Q

Species

A

Organisms that can breed and have fertile offspring

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6
Q

Clumping

A

Grouped living pattern for resources and protection

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7
Q

Uniform Dispersal

A

Spaced-out pattern for resources

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8
Q

Random Dispersal

A

Uncommon, no clear pattern

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9
Q

Immigration

A

New individuals joining a population

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10
Q

Emigration

A

Individuals leaving a population

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11
Q

Age Structure

A

Proportion of ages in a population

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12
Q

Biotic Potential

A

Max growth a population can reach

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13
Q

Carrying Capacity (K)

A

Max population an environment can sustain

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14
Q

Exponential Growth

A

Fast population increase without limits

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15
Q

Logistic Growth

A

Growth slows as it nears carrying capacity

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16
Q

Density-Dependent Factor

A

Limit based on population size (e.g., competition)

17
Q

Density-Independent Factor

A

Limit not affected by size (e.g., weather)

18
Q

Stable Population

A

Small changes near carrying capacity

19
Q

Irruptive Growth

A

Sudden population spike

20
Q

Cyclic Change

A

Regular population rises and falls

21
Q

Asexual Reproduction

A

No mating needed, quick reproduction

22
Q

Sexual Reproduction

A

Involves mating, increases diversity

23
Q

r-Selected Species

A

Many small offspring, little care (e.g., insects)

24
Q

K-Selected Species

A

Few large offspring, lots of care (e.g., elephants)

25
Q

Specialist Species

A

Thrive in stable environments

26
Q

Generalist Species

A

Adaptable to changing environments

27
Q

Population Dieback

A

Decline after exceeding carrying capacity

AP Environmental Science (4 decks)

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