Unit 3: Notes 2

Question 1

what happens to long bones during infancy, childhood, and adolescence?

Answer 1

The long bones grow in length and thickness

Question 2

what happens to long bones between the ages of 18 to 25?

Answer 2

bone growth comes to an end and bone replaces all cartilage

Question 3

what is bone remodeling?

Answer 3

The ongoing replacement of old bone tissue with new

Question 4

what does bone remodeling remove?

Answer 4

injured bone

Question 5

what affects bone remodeling?

Answer 5

exercise, sedentary lifestyle, diet

Question 6

what two factors are involved in the bone remodeling process?

Answer 6

bone resorption and bone deposition

Question 7

what is bone resorption?

Answer 7

The removal of minerals and collagen from bone by osteoclasts

Question 8

what is bone deposition?

Answer 8

The addition of minerals in collagen from bone by osteoblasts

Question 9

what will happen if there is not a balance between the osteoclasts and osteoblasts?

Answer 9

conditions such as spurs, osteoporosis and rickets can result

Question 10

what is a compound fracture

Answer 10

broken bone breaks through the skin

Question 11

name the four things bone repair involves

Answer 11

1. fracture hematoma formation
2. fibrocartilage callus bridge gap between bones
3. bony callus formation by osteoblasts
4. bone remodeling by osteoclasts and osteoblasts

Question 12

what does fracture treatment depend on?

Answer 12

1. location or fracture type and its characteristics
2. The persons age
3. The persons activity level
4. bone quality

Question 13

what happens to the bone during stress?

Answer 13

bone become stronger due to increased deposits of minerals and collagen fibers

Question 14

what happens to the bone when no stress is applied?

Answer 14

bone resorption outpaces bone formation and bone becomes weaker

Question 15

why are athletes bones thicker?

Answer 15

repetitive stress

Question 16

what’s are the divisions of the skeletal system?

Answer 16

axial and appendicular

Question 17

describe axial

Answer 17

1. bones of the skull (cranium and facial bones)
2. bony thorax (ribs and sternum)
3. vertebral column

Question 18

describe appendicular

Answer 18

1. bones of the shoulder (pectoral girdle)
2. bones of the pelvic girdle
3. upper limbs
4. lower limbs

Question 19

what is open reduction and internal fixation?

Answer 19

fixes a broken bone using metal screws, pins, plates, or rides to hold bone in place

Question 20

what can bones tell us about the deceased?

Answer 20

how long they have been deceased, general health, race, gender, cause of death, height, diet, age, giving birth