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BIOL 3100 > Unit 3: Muscle Anatomy > Flashcards

Unit 3: Muscle Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Sternocleidomastoid OIM

A

O: mandibrum and clavicle
I : mastoid process
M: lateral flexion and rotation

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2
Q

Pectoralis major OIM

A

O: occipital bone, vertebrae
I: clavicle, scapula spine,
M: elevation, lateral flexion, extension, repression, rotation, retraction, upward rotation

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3
Q

Latissimus dorsi OIM

A

O: iliac crest, ribs, scapula
I: humerus
M: extension, abduction, internal rotation

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4
Q

Splenius Cervicis OIM

A

O: vertebrae spinous process
I: transverse process
M: rotation of head, extension of neck

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5
Q

Subscapularis OIM

A

O: subscapular fossa
I: lesser tubercle of humerus
M: internal rotation

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6
Q

Deltoid OIM

A

O: clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula
I: deltoid tuberocity of humerus
M: abduction, adduction, internal/external rotation

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7
Q

Biceps brachii OIM

A

O: coracoid process of scapula, humerus (supraglenoid tubercle)
I: radial tuberocity
M: ab/adduction, internal rotation, supination, flexion

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8
Q

Triceps brachii OIM

A

O: scapula, humerus
I: olecranon, ulna
M: extension, adduction

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9
Q

Brachialis OIM

A

O: humerus
I; coronoid process of ulna
M: flexion, pronation, supination

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10
Q

Brachioradialis OMI

A

O: supercondylar ridge of humerus (lateral)
I: radial styloid process
M: flexion, supination, pronation

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11
Q

Pronator terres OIM

A

O: humerus, coronoid process of ulna
I: radius
M: pronation

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12
Q

Pronator quadratus OIM

A

O: ulna
M: radius
I: pronation, supination

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13
Q

Illiocostal cervic OIM

A

O: angle of ribs 3-5
I: transverse process of C4-C6
M: flexion of spine

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14
Q

Illiocostal thoracic OIM

A

O: ribs 7-12
I: ribs 1-6, transverse process of C7
M: flexion of spine

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15
Q

Illiocostal lumborum OIM

A

O: sacrum, iliac crest
I: ribs 5-12, transverse process of L1-L4
M: flexion of spine

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16
Q

Supinator OIM

A

O: humerus, ulna
I: radius
M: supination

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17
Q

Extensor pollicis brevis OIM

A

O: radius
I: base of proximal phalanx of thumb
M: thumb extension

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18
Q

Extensor pollicics longus OIM

A

O: ulna
I: base of distal phalanx of thumb
M: thumb extension

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19
Q

Recuts abdominals OIM

A

O: pubic symphysis, pubic crest
I: xyphoid process, ribs 5-7
M: trunk flexion, compress abdomen for expiration

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20
Q

Gluteus maximus OIM

A

O: sacrum, coccyx, ilium
I: gluteal tuberosity
M: ab/adduction, internal/external rotation

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21
Q

Iliopsoas OIM

A

O: T12, L1-L5
I: lesser trochanter of femur
M: flexion, extension, rotation of thigh, trunk flexion

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22
Q

satorius OIM

A

O: anterior superior iliac spine
I: proximal tibial medial condyle
M: @ hip - flexion, abduction, external rotation. @ knee - flexion, internal rotation

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23
Q

Bicep femoris OIM

A

O: I hail tuberosity, femur, supracondylar line
I; fibula head
M: @ hip - extension, external rotation @ knee - flexion, external rotation, stabilize pelvis

24
Q

Semitendinosus OIM

A

O; ischial tuberosity
I: proximal end of tibia medial condyle
M: @ hip - extension, internal rotation, stabilize pelvis @ knee - flexion, internal rotation

25
Q

Semimembranosus OIM

A

O: ischial tuberosity
I: medial condyle of tibia
M: @ hip - extension, internal rotation, stabilize pelvis @ knee - flexion, internal rotation

26
Q

Recuts femoris OIM

A

O: iliac spine, supraacetauluar groove
I: tibial tuberosity, patella
M: @ hip - flexion @ knee - extension

27
Q

Vastus lateralis OIM

A

O: intertrochanteric line, greater trochanter, gluteal tuberosity, linea a spear of femur
I: tibial tuberosity, patella
M: knee extension

28
Q

Vastus medialis OIM

A

O: intertrichanter line, femur
I: tibial tuberosity, patella
M: knee extension

29
Q

Tibialis anterior OIM

A

O: tibia
I: medial cuneiform, base of metatarsal 1
M: dorsiflexion, inversion

30
Q

Gastrocnemius OIM

A

O: lateral femoral condyle, medial femoral condyle, popliteal
I: calcaneus
M: plantar flexion, leg flexion

31
Q

Soleus OIM

A

O: Soledad line, tibia, fibula head
I: calcaneus
M: plantar flexion

32
Q

Extensor Halluces longus OIM

A

O: fibula
I: base of distal phalanx 1
M: extends hallux, dorsiflexion, inversion

33
Q

General function of all muscle

A

The muscular system produces forces movement, supports the body, changes body posture, stabilizes joints, produces body heat, a provision of form to the body

34
Q

Main function of skeletal muscle

A

Move bones and other structures

35
Q

Main function of cardiac muscle

A

Forms most of the walls of heart and adjacent muscles

36
Q

Main function of smooth muscle

A

Form part of walls of most vessels and hollow organs, move substances though viscera such as intestine, and control movement through blood vessels

37
Q

Structural and functional differences between skeletal and cardiac muscle

A

Skeletal is parallel, voluntary, multinucleated
Cardiac is branched, involuntary, one nucleus

38
Q

Structural and functional differences between skeletal and smooth muscle

A

Skeletal is striated, voluntary, multinucleated
Smooth is no striated, involuntary, one nucleus

39
Q

Structural and functional differences between cardiac and smooth muscle

A

Cardiac striated, smooth is non-striated

40
Q

Cellular and extra cellular components of cardiac muscle fibres

A

Extracellular: complex mesh work of fibres comprised of matrix proteins in which cardiac myocytes, fibroblasts, leukocytes and cardiac vascular cells reside
Cellular, fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, cardiomyocytes, chains of myofibrils

41
Q

Cellular and extracellular components of skeletal muscle

A

Extracellular: collagens, glycoproteins, proteoglycans, elastins
Cellular: sarcolemna, sarcoplasm, nuclei, mitochondria, sarcoplasmic reticulum, transverse tubules, myofilaments, myofibrils

42
Q

Cellular and extracellular components of smooth muscle

A

Extracellular: proteoglycans, collagen, elastin, proteins
Cellular: actin, myosin, cytoskeletal filaments

43
Q

3 types of muscle fibres

A

Slow oxidative (dark)
Fast oxidative (medium)
Fast glycolic (light)

44
Q

Myofilament definition

A

Muscle filaments that case contraction of muscle (2 types: thick and thin)

45
Q

Sarcomere definition

A

The functional unit of a skeletal muscle cell - made up of myosin and actin filaments

46
Q

Myofibrils definition

A

bundle of interconnected protein filaments of striated muscles

47
Q

Muscle fibre definition

A

Individual skeletal muscle cell, aka myofiber

48
Q

Fascicle definition

A

The functional units of skeletal muscle tissue; group of fibres

49
Q

Endomysium definition

A

Surrounds individual muscle fibres

50
Q

Perimysium definition

A

Slightly thicker layer of connective tissue consisting mostly of type I and type III collagen and surrounds a group of fibres (fascicle)

51
Q

Epimysium definition

A

Surrounds entire collection of fascicles making up an individual muscle (made up of mainly type I collagen, contains neurovascular supply to muscle)

52
Q

Periosteum definition

A

Fibrous tissue membrane that covers external surfaces of all bones

53
Q

Tendon definition

A

Muscle to bone; dense connective tissue structures

54
Q

Origin definition

A

The bone to which the muscle is anchored: will remain relatively still when muscle contracts

55
Q

Insertion definition

A

The bone that will move the most when muscle contracts

BIOL 3100 (6 decks)

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