Lab 3: Neuroanatomy

Question 1

Name the hierarchy of the nervous system

Answer 1

CNS and PNS
PNS to afferent and efferent
Efferent to somatic and autonomic
Autonomic to sympathetic and parasympathetic

Question 2

Parts of the CNS

Answer 2

Brain and spinal cord

Question 3

Ganglion

Answer 3

A collection of cell bodies in PNS

Question 4

Nucleus

Answer 4

Collection of cell bodies in CNS

Question 5

Nerve definition

Answer 5

Bundle of axons in PNS

Question 6

Tract

Answer 6

Bundle of axons in CNS

Question 7

Somatic nervous system function

Answer 7

Skeletal muscle, conscious perception and voluntary responses

Question 8

Autonomic nervous system function

Answer 8

Cardiac and smooth muscle, involuntary responses, maintenance of homeostasis (HR and breathing)

Question 9

Name two types of cells in nervous system

Answer 9

Neurons and glial cells

Question 10

Neuron function

Answer 10

Process info into electric impulses (action potential)

Question 11

Glial cell function

Answer 11

Provide various support function for neurons

Question 12

Soma

Answer 12

Central cell body - contains nucleus of the cell

Question 13

Dendrite function

Answer 13

Receive info from other neurons in the form of chemical signals and convey it to the cell body

Question 14

Axon function

Answer 14

Conduct info away from the cell body via action potentials and transmit it to target structures or other neurons

Question 15

Grey vs white matter components

Answer 15

Grey = cell bodies
White = axons

Question 16

What type of neurons are afferent neurons?

Answer 16

Sensory

Question 17

What type of neurons are efferent neurons?

Answer 17

Motor

Question 18

Interneuron function and location

Answer 18

Primarily in CNS, transmit impulses between neurons

Question 19

What cell is this? Label the cell

Answer 19

Neuron
A - dendrite
B - nucleus
C - cell body
D - axon

Question 20

Cranial nerves vs spinal nerves

Answer 20

Cranial connects directly to the brain
Spinal connects to spinal cord

DUH

Question 21

Ascending tracts

Answer 21

Relays sensory info to the cerebral cortex

Question 22

Descending tracts

Answer 22

Relay motor impulses from cerebral cortex to the spinal nerves

Question 23

Dorsal column pathway

Answer 23

Conveys sensory info related to fine touch, vibration, and proprioception

Question 24

Corticobulbar tract

Answer 24

Conducts impulses to cranial nerves controlling head and neck

Question 25

Upper motor neurons, corticospinal tract, and lower motor neurons

Answer 25

Upper motor neurons of the corticospinal tract originate in the cerebral cortex and synapee with the lower Moros neurons in the spinal cord

Question 26

Spinothalamic pathway

Answer 26

Conveys pain and temperature

Question 27

Motor unit

Answer 27

The neurons that stimulate contraction of the skeletal muscle - lower motor neurons together with muscle cells that innervate

Question 28

Decussation

Answer 28

Process where some of the fibres of the corticospinal tract cross over to the opposite side of the CNS at the level of the medulla oblongota

Question 29

3 main steps of somatic control of a skeletal muscle

Answer 29

1) sensory perception
2) central processing in CNS
3) motor response

Question 30

Procedure for patellar reflex

Answer 30

1) legs hanging off edge, eyes closed
2) tap patellar tendon with hammer
3) lil kick :)