Unit 3 Matters Of Life Flashcards
Definition of morality
A system of ethics on what’s right and wrong
What are ethics
The theory relating to morality
What is absolute morality
What is morally right or wrong and applies at all times
What is relative morality
What is morally right or wrong and depends on the particular situations cirmcumstances
What does sanctity of life mean a
Life is sacred because god gave it
What is the value of life
The value of a person over and above physical value
What is quality of life
Measure of the fulfilment of life
What is fertility treatment
A medical procedure that helps infertile couples have children
What is IVF
In vitro fertilisation is a process of conception that doesn’t involve sexual intercourse, the egg is fertilised outside the body and the embryos are inserted into the womb
What is a test tube baby
A term used to describe a baby who was created outside the womb
What is artificial insemination
Sperme medically inserted into the vagina to assist pregnancy
What is surrogacy
When a woman carries the child of another woman because her womb doesn’t work
What is AIH
Artificial insemination by husband is when a woman is made pregnant by her husbands sperm but not through sex
What is AID
Artificial insemination by donor, a woman is made pregnant without sex using the sperm of a donor, not her partner
What is sexual intercourse
A sexual activity involving more than one person for reproduction or pleasure
What is transplant surgery
When a donors organs are placed into a patient
What is blood transfusion
When a patient is given extra blood
What is human genetic engineering
The modification of a gene to change the features of a person
What is embryology
The study of human embryos
What is a designer baby
Babies with hand licked characteristics chosen by their parents, this is currently illegal
What is a saviour sibling
A sibling born to be genetically compatible with their ill sibling in order to give them the organs they need to live
What is cloning
A method of reproducing genetically identical organisms from a single parent
What is a human animal hybrid animal
An embryo made from human DNA and animal eggs for experimentation
What is conception
The moment a sperm cell fertilises an egg
What is quickening
The first detectable movements of the foetus
What is ensoulment
The belief that this is the moment in which an embryo receives a soul
What does Quran 7:189 say “it is he…”
“It is he who created you from a single being” this teaches muslims that Allah creates life
Arguments against artificial insemination
If the woman is fertilised by someone’s sperm who isn’t her husband, it could be considered adulatory, which for Jews and christians is against one of their 10 commandments
Child might be upset that they don’t know their real father
Donor might be annoyed if his identity is revealed to one of his genetic children
Why might muslims and Jews be against transplants
They are forbidden from “mutilating the body”
Why might muslims be with transplants
They believe in preserving life so if a transplant can save someone, they might be ok with it
Why are jahovahs witnesses against blood transfusions
They believe “the life of creatures is in the blood” so they don’t think they should have someone else’s blood in them or have there blood in someone else
Why are many religions against human genetic engineering
They believe by changing people, we are changing the way god designed us so we are playing god.
What are the 5 skandhas to buddhists
The idea that every person has form, feelings, perceptions, thoughts and consciousness
What do buddhists think about genetic engineering
They think that it’s acceptable if it’s for a good cause such as preventing disease but they also know that it costs lots of embryons and goes against the first precept of “do not harm any living thing”. However, some believe embryos aren’t living people as they don’t possess the 5 skandhas
What do Hindus think of genetic engineering
As it involves killing embryos it can be bad as it gives bad karma, which will make it harder to break the cycle of samsara. However, if it is being used to help others, this can build good karma
What do sikhs believe about genetic engineering
God is the creator and an embryo is a person. They think spare ivf embryos can be used only if it’s to help get rid of illness. Some other sikhs believe the cycle of samsara rules out human interference and so you should not perform genetic engineering
What are Christian views on genetic engineering
Many of them oppose genetic engineering because it devalues life. Catholics also believe it takes the role of god. Many also believe you are murdering when you kill the embryos, exodus 20 says “do not murder”. However, some are in favour of it as it helps people have a better quality of life and believe god gave intelligence for it to be used positively
Wheat do muslims believe about genetic engineering
Muslims believe embryos don’t have a soul until 120 days after conception so they can be experimented on aslong as they are respected. They believe it was Allahs will for us to progress through science to help others
What do Jews think of genetic engineering
If it helps people then it’s acceptable but the embryos must be treated with respect
Arguments for genetic engineering
It may be the only way for a couple to have a child
God gave people intelligence and freewill so if we have the skills to do it, we should be allowed
Arguments for cloning
It helps in research that helps the sick or infertile
It is compassionate and improves quality of life
God gave us freewill so if we want then we can
God inspires people to develop new technologies to help man
Arguments against cloning
It is against nature and the way god creates us
Many embryos get disposed of and some believe they are still human
It may encourage scientists to make further advances that are even more unacceptable
A cloned person may not have a soul
When do buddhists, sikhs as Hindus believe life stat
RTS
Life begins before conception, they believe a pre existing should enters the body
When do Roman Catholics believe life starts
At the moment of conception
When do muslims believe life begins
When ensoulment occurs, 120 days after conception
When do Jews believe life starts
From the moment of birth as before that, the foetus is completely reliant on its mother.
