unit 3 list 3 DNA&Heredity

Question 1

cellular division

Answer 1

The process by which a single parent cell splits to form new cells, known as daughter cells

Question 2

egg cell

Answer 2

female reproductive cell, or gamete, in most anisogamous organisms

Question 3

epigenetic

Answer 3

how your behaviors and environment can cause changes that affect the way your genes work

Question 4

fertilization

Answer 4

when sperm and an egg join together

Question 5

genome

Answer 5

the entire set of DNA instructions found in a cell

Question 6

inherited traits

Answer 6

the traits or characteristics that are transferred from parents to the offspring, genetically

Question 7

Multicellular organizim

Answer 7

an organism composed of many cells

Question 8

sexual reproduction

Answer 8

the production of new organisms by the combination of genetic information of two individuals of different sexes.

Question 9

sperm cell

Answer 9

a form of gamete or reproductive cell found in the male human body

Question 10

autosomal

Answer 10

the gene in question is located on one of the numbered, or non-sex, chromosomes

Question 11

complete dominance

Answer 11

a condition wherein the dominant allele completely masks the effect of the recessive allele;

Question 12

dihybrid cross

Answer 12

a mating experiment between two organisms that are identically hybrid for two traits

Question 13

F1 (first filial

Answer 13

the first filial generation seeds/plants or animal offspring resulting from a cross-mating of distinctly different parental types

Question 14

F2 (second filial

Answer 14

the result of a cross between two F1 individuals

Question 15

genotype

Answer 15

the genetic makeup of an organism

Question 16

genotypic ratio

Answer 16

the proportional relationship between different genotypes that result from a genetic cross

Question 17

Hardy-Weinberg conditions

Answer 17

no mutation, random mating, no gene flow, infinite population size, and no selection

Question 18

Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium

Answer 18

the genetic variation in a population will remain constant from one generation to the next in the absence of disturbing factors.

Question 19

incomplete dominance

Answer 19

a form of Gene interaction in which both alleles of a gene at a locus are partially expressed, often resulting in an intermediate or different phenotype.

Question 20

monohybrid cross

Answer 20

the hybrid of two individuals with homozygous genotypes which result in the opposite phenotype for a certain genetic trait

Question 21

P (parental) generation

Answer 21

the original pair of parents at the start of a genetic cross experiment

Question 22

phenotype

Answer 22

height, eye color and blood type

Question 23

phenotypic ratio

Answer 23

the ratio of different phenotypes present in the offspring of a cross.

Question 24

polygenic inheritance

Answer 24

a characteristic, such as height or skin color, that is influenced by two or more genes

Question 25

population

Answer 25

the total number of people inhabiting a country, city, or any district or area

Question 26

ratio

Answer 26

a term that is used to compare two or more numbers

Question 27

variation