Unit 3 List 3 DNA & Heredity

Question 1

cellular division

Answer 1

Replacing and making new cells

Question 2

egg cell

Answer 2

the egg is just a cell, called an ovum, inside the mother’s body

Question 3

epigenetic

Answer 3

an emerging area of scientific research that shows how environmental influences

Question 4

fertilization

Answer 4

the joining of an egg and a sperm

Question 5

genome

Answer 5

the entire set of DNA instructions found in a cell

Question 6

Inherited traits

Answer 6

your physical characteristics, like your hair or eye color

Question 7

Multicellular organism

Answer 7

made of multiple cells working together

Question 8

sexual reproduction

Answer 8

fertilization of a female gamete by a male gamete

Question 9

autosomal

Answer 9

the gene in question is located on one of the numbered

Question 10

sperm cell

Answer 10

the human male’s sex cell

Question 11

complete dominance

Answer 11

The dominant alleles dominate the recessive alleles, which are masked, or covered up

Question 12

dihybrid cross

Answer 12

a mating experiment between two organisms that are identically hybrid for two traits

Question 13

F1 (first filial)

Answer 13

the first generation of offspring

Question 14

F2 (second filial)

Answer 14

It is the second filial generation obtained by self crossing the F1 generation

Question 15

genotypic ratio

Answer 15

the depiction of the ratio of the resulting patterns and frequencies of inherited genes after crossing in the offspring of organisms

Question 16

Hardy-Weinberg Conditions

Answer 16

the genetic variation in a population will remain constant from one generation to the next in the absence of disturbing factors

Question 17

Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium

Answer 17

a principle stating that the genetic variation in a population will remain constant from one generation to the next in the absence of disturbing factors

Question 17

incomplete dominance

Answer 17

a mix of the traits like having a white and red flower make a pink flower

Question 18

monohybrid cross

Answer 18

any cross involving just one gene

Question 19

P (parental) generation

Answer 19

the parental generation

Question 20

phenotypic ratio

Answer 20

a numerical comparison of how many offspring will have one phenotype versus another

Question 21

polygenic inheritance

Answer 21

implies a character or phenotypic trait, which is regulated by more than one gene

Question 22

population

Answer 22

the number of people living in a certain place

Question 23

ratio

Answer 23

how much of one thing there is in relation to another thing

Question 24

variation

Answer 24

a deviation from the norm