Unit 3 List 3 DNA & Heredity Flashcards
cellular division
Replacing and making new cells
egg cell
the egg is just a cell, called an ovum, inside the mother’s body
epigenetic
an emerging area of scientific research that shows how environmental influences
fertilization
the joining of an egg and a sperm
genome
the entire set of DNA instructions found in a cell
Inherited traits
your physical characteristics, like your hair or eye color
Multicellular organism
made of multiple cells working together
sexual reproduction
fertilization of a female gamete by a male gamete
autosomal
the gene in question is located on one of the numbered
sperm cell
the human male’s sex cell
complete dominance
The dominant alleles dominate the recessive alleles, which are masked, or covered up
dihybrid cross
a mating experiment between two organisms that are identically hybrid for two traits
F1 (first filial)
the first generation of offspring
F2 (second filial)
It is the second filial generation obtained by self crossing the F1 generation
genotypic ratio
the depiction of the ratio of the resulting patterns and frequencies of inherited genes after crossing in the offspring of organisms
Hardy-Weinberg Conditions
the genetic variation in a population will remain constant from one generation to the next in the absence of disturbing factors
Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium
a principle stating that the genetic variation in a population will remain constant from one generation to the next in the absence of disturbing factors
incomplete dominance
a mix of the traits like having a white and red flower make a pink flower
monohybrid cross
any cross involving just one gene
P (parental) generation
the parental generation
phenotypic ratio
a numerical comparison of how many offspring will have one phenotype versus another
polygenic inheritance
implies a character or phenotypic trait, which is regulated by more than one gene
population
the number of people living in a certain place
ratio
how much of one thing there is in relation to another thing
