Unit 2- List 1 Ecology Flashcards

1
Q

Abiotic Factors

A

the non-living factors in an environment such as temperature, light, water, and nutrients

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2
Q

Biotic Factors

A

living organisms that are part of an environment

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2
Q

Autotrophs

A

an organism that can produce its own food using light, water, carbon dioxide, or other chemicals

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3
Q

Bioaccumulation

A

the build-up of something inside an organism

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4
Q

Commensalism

A

a relationship in which one organism benefits but the other is neither helped nor harmed

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5
Q

Carbon Sink

A

anything that absorbs more carbon from the atmosphere than it releases

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6
Q

Carnivore

A

an animal that eats other animals

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7
Q

Consumer

A

an organism that cannot produce its own food and must eat other plants and/or animals to get energy

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8
Q

Competition

A

a relationship between organisms that strive for the same resources in the same ecosystem

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9
Q

Ecosystem

A

a community of living organisms (plants, animals and microbes) in a particular area

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10
Q

Decomposer

A

a living thing that breaks down dead plants, animals or waste

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11
Q

Energy Pyramid

A

a model that shows the flow of energy from one trophic level to the next along a food chain

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11
Q

Food Chain

A

the order in which organisms, or living things, depend on each other for food

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12
Q

Food Web

A

a model of intersecting food chains in an ecosystem

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13
Q

Habitat

A

the home of an animal or a plant

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14
Q

Herbivore

A

an organism that mostly feeds on plants

15
Q

Heterotrophs

A

organisms that can’t make their own food and so must get energy by eating plants and animals to survive

16
Q

Limiting Factor

A

anything that constrains a population’s size and slows or stops it from growing

16
Q

Leaching

A

a process in which water-soluble substances are washed out from the soil

17
Q

Mutualism

A

a relationship in which both organisms benefit

18
Q

Niche

A

the role a species plays in the ecosystem

19
Q

Ocean Acidification

A

a change in the properties of ocean water that can be harmful for plants and animals

20
Q

Omnivore

A

an organism that regularly consumes a variety of material, including plants, animals, algae, and fungi

21
Q

Parasitism

A

a relationship between two living things

22
Phytoplankton
Plankton that is made up of plants or plantlike organisms
23
Pioneer Species
any organism which is the first to colonize a barren area
24
Population
a group of people living in a particular area, such as a city, country, continent, or the world
25
Predation
the ecological process in which an animal (or an organism) kills and feeds on another animal (or an organism)
26
Predator
organisms that hunt and kill other organisms for food
27
Prey
an animal hunted or killed by another animal for food
28
Producer
organisms that make their own food
29
Primary Succession
when a new area of land is populated by a group of species for the first time
30
Secondary Succession
happens when a climax community or intermediate community is impacted by a disturbance
31
Species Overshoot
when the population of a species significantly exceeds the carrying capacity of its environment
32
Sustainability
When a natural resource is sustainable, it doesn't become used up or destroyed, and so living sustainably means we can keep using it for a long time