unit 3 list 1

Question 1

adenine

Answer 1

Adenine is a purine nucleotide base. It is one of the four nucleobases in the nucleic acids of DNA, the other three being guanine, cytosine, and thymine

Question 2

cell types *

Answer 2

all the types of cells

Question 2

amino acid *

Answer 2

the building blocks of proteins

Question 3

anticodon *

Answer 3

a sequence of three nucleotides forming a unit of genetic code in a transfer RNA molecule, corresponding to a complementary codon in messenger RNA.

Question 4

cell differentiation *

Answer 4

The process during which young, immature (unspecialized) cells take on individual characteristics and reach their mature (specialized) form and function.

Question 5

chromosome *

Answer 5

A structure found inside the nucleus of a cell.

Question 6

codon

Answer 6

The genetic code is the set of rules used by living cells to translate information encoded within genetic material into proteins

Question 7

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) *

Answer 7

the molecule that carries genetic information for the development and functioning of an organism

Question 8

cytoplasm *

Answer 8

the fluid that fills cells and serves several important functions

Question 8

cytosine

Answer 8

Cytosine is one of the four nucleotide bases found in DNA and RNA

Question 9

deoxyribose *

Answer 9

a sugar that has five carbon atoms and four oxygen atoms in each molecule and is part of DNA compare ribose.

Question 10

endoplasmic reticulum (smooth and rough) *

Answer 10

the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) and the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)

Question 11

double helix *

Answer 11

a term used to describe the physical structure of DNA

Question 12

gene

Answer 12

In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity.

Question 12

enzyme

Answer 12

proteins that help speed up metabolism, or the chemical reactions in our bodies

Question 13

Golgi apparatus *

Answer 13

The Golgi apparatus, also known as the Golgi complex, Golgi body, or simply the Golgi, is an organelle found in most eukaryotic cells

Question 14

guanine

Answer 14

one of the four nucleotide bases in DNA,

Question 15

hydrogen bond *

Answer 15

a special type of dipole-dipole attraction between molecules, not a covalent bond to a hydrogen atom.

Question 16

mRNA *

Answer 16

Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine

Question 17

mutation

Answer 17

Any change in the DNA sequence of a cell

Question 18

nuclear membrane *

Answer 18

inner and outer nuclear membranes

Question 18

nucleic acid *

Answer 18

large biomolecules that play essential roles in all cells and viruses.

Question 19

nitrogenous base **

Answer 19

nitrogenous compounds that form an important part of the nucleotides.

Question 20

nucleotide

Answer 20

molecule that is the basic building block of the nucleic acids DNA and RNA

Question 21

nucleus

Answer 21

storing the cell’s hereditary material or the DNA.

Question 22

peptide bond *

Answer 22

Link Amino Acids Together in Proteins

Question 23

phosphate group *

Answer 23

a phosphorus atom bound to four oxygen atoms

Question 24

polypeptides

Answer 24

a single linear chain of many amino acids (any length), held together by amide bonds

Question 25

protein synthesis *

Answer 25

the formation of a peptide bond between the carboxyl group at the end of a growing polypeptide chain and a free amino group on an incoming amino acid. C

Question 26

ribose *

Answer 26

a sugar that is naturally produced by the body from foo

Question 27

ribosome

Answer 27

the cellular machinery responsible for making proteins.

Question 28

RNA *

Answer 28

a nucleic acid present in all living cells that has structural similarities to DNA

Question 29

rRNA *

Answer 29

ribosomal RNA

Question 30

start codon *

Answer 30

the position at which protein translation of the mRNA into a peptide commences

Question 31

stop codon *

Answer 31

a sequence of three nucleotides (a trinucleotide) in DNA or messenger RNA (mRNA) that signals a halt to protein synthesis in the cell

Question 32

thymine

Answer 32

one of the four nucleotide bases in DNA,

Question 33

transcription

Answer 33

the process by which a cell makes an RNA copy of a piece of DNA

Question 34

translation

Answer 34

In biology, translation is the process in living cells in which proteins are produced using RNA molecules as templates.

Question 35

tRNA

Answer 35

a small RNA molecule that plays a key role in protein synthesis.

Question 36

uracil

Answer 36

one of the four nucleotide bases in RNA

Question 37

vesicle

Answer 37

In cell biology, a vesicle is a structure within or outside a cell