unit 1 list 2 cell energy

Question 1

Chlorophyll

Answer 1

any of several related green pigments found in cyanobacteria and in the chloroplasts of algae and plants.

Question 1

Autotroph

Answer 1

create their own nutrients and energy

Question 2

Light Reactions

Answer 2

The light-dependent reaction is a photochemical reaction taking place in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts, where light energy is transformed into adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate

Question 3

Photosynthesis

Answer 3

the process by which green plants and certain other organisms transform light energy into chemical energy.

Question 4

Calvin cycle

Answer 4

a process that plants and algae use to turn carbon dioxide from the air into sugar, the food autotrophs need to grow.

Question 5

Electron Transport Chain

Answer 5

a collection of proteins bound to the inner mitochondrial membrane and organic molecules, which electrons pass through in a series of redox reactions, and release energy

Question 6

NADPH

Answer 6

nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate,

Question 7

Granum

Answer 7

a basic structural unit of the thylakoid membrane network of plant chloroplasts

Question 8

Pigment

Answer 8

a natural substance that produces color in animals and plants

Question 8

Carbon Fixation

Answer 8

Carbon fixation is the process by which plants and algae convert the carbon found in inorganic molecules in the atmosphere into organic matter to produce biological building blocks and fuel for cellular respiration.

Question 9

stomata

Answer 9

tiny openings present on the epidermis of leave

Question 10

Heterotrophs

Answer 10

xamples of heterotrophs include all the animals such as mammals, birds, fish

Question 11

Thylakoids

Answer 11

tiny compartments found inside of chloroplasts

Question 12

Carotenoids

Answer 12

pigments in plants, algae, and photosynthetic bacteria

Question 13

Mitochondrial matrix

Answer 13

The mitochondrial matrix is the inner space surrounded by the mitochondrial inner membrane

Question 14

Aerobic respiration

Answer 14

Listen to pronunciation. (ayr-OH-bik RES-pih-RAY-shun) A chemical process in which oxygen is used to make energy from carbohydrates (sugars). Also called aerobic metabolism, cell respiration, and oxidative metabolism.

Question 15

Fermentation

Answer 15

chemical process by which molecules such as glucose are broken down anaerobically.

Question 16

NAD+

Answer 16

metabolic pathways, DNA repair, chromatin remodelling, cellular senescence and immune cell function

Question 17

Alcoholic fermentation

Answer 17

converts sugars such as glucose, fructose, and sucrose into cellular energy, producing ethanol and carbon dioxide as by-products.

Question 18

Glycolysis

Answer 18

Glycolysis is a central metabolic pathway that is used by all cells for the oxidation of glucose to generate energy in the form of ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) and intermediates for use in other metabolic pathways.

Question 19

ADP

Answer 19

half charged battery

Question 20

NADH

Answer 20

Nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide

Question 21

Anaerobic respiration

Answer 21

respiration using electron acceptors other than molecular oxygen (O2).

Question 22

Cellular respiration

Answer 22

a series of chemical reactions that break down glucose to produce ATP

Question 23

Krebs cycle

Answer 23

present in every cell that uses oxygen to produce energy

Question 24

Pyruvic acid

Answer 24

an acid that is formed from carbohydrates during the process of glycolysis

Question 25

Citric acid

Answer 25

an organic compound with the skeletal formula HOC(CO 2H)(CH 2CO 2H) 2.

Question 26

ATP

Answer 26

full charged battery