Unit 3: Key Definitions Flashcards
______ is an economic system dominated by private ownership, wage labour, and supply-and-demand market designed to create capital and product
capitalism
the oppressive cultural domination of a people by a larger- wealthier power
colonialism
a new form of thinking, _____ allows a new model for challenging rigid social, political and economical boundaries, taking into consideration machine hybrids.
cyborg anthropology
the philosophical view that one/or multiple simple force(s) causes/determines complex events
determinism
considering one entity through its timeline
diachronic
the philosophical view that reality consists of two equal and irreducible forces
dualism
___ is the critical examination of gender in a social and political context (men/women/non-binary)
feminist anthropology
____ is the political and economic model that dominated Europe until the fifteenth century, where monarchs had divine power to maintain control of crown land. Their people gave tribute, tax, surplus and labour in exchange for access to land and resources. This idealism was exported to colonies as well.
feudalism
___: the reshaping of local conditions by powerful h]global forces on an ever-intensifying scale
globalization
____ is the study of cultures in their own historical contexts
historical particularism
the philosophical view that ideas- or the mind that produces such ideas- constitute the essence of human nature
idealism
_____: a eurocentric concept of self-emerging from the Age of Enlightenment and capitalism; characterized by progress, technological advancement, and reason
modernity
____ is the branch of anthropology that explains the idea that culture can be understood as a text to be interpreted and that focuses on meaning
interpretive anthropology
the philosophical view that the activities of our physical bodies in the material world constitute the essence of human nature
materialism
___ is the persistence of profound social and economic ties linking former colonial territories to their former colonial rulers despite political sovereignty
neocolonialism
_____: a social structure thats organized around economic interests that are protected/enhanced through the use of political power
political economy
______: the focus on the heterogeneity and complexity of colonial encounters and their enduring legacies
postcolonial anthropology
_____: research thate xplores the interconnections among the sociocultural, political, economic, and historic conditions that make scientific research both possible and successful
science studies
____ is the form of colonialism whereby domination is principally asserted by the displacement of Indigenous populations to secure the territory for a new population of settlers
settler-colonialism
_____: the enduring aspects of the social forms in a society; including political and kinship systems
social structure
a position that explores how a particular social forms function from day-to-day in order to reproduce the traditional structure of the society
structural-functional theory
considering a number of entities in the same timeframe
synchronic
____; a classification system based on the systematic organization unto types on the basis of shared qualities
typologies
a nineteenth-century theory that proposed a series of stages through which all societies must go (or had gone) in order to reach civilization
unilineal cultural evolutionism
