Unit 3: Key Definitions

Question 1

______ is an economic system dominated by private ownership, wage labour, and supply-and-demand market designed to create capital and product

Answer 1

capitalism

Question 2

the oppressive cultural domination of a people by a larger- wealthier power

Answer 2

colonialism

Question 2

a new form of thinking, _____ allows a new model for challenging rigid social, political and economical boundaries, taking into consideration machine hybrids.

Answer 2

cyborg anthropology

Question 3

the philosophical view that one/or multiple simple force(s) causes/determines complex events

Answer 3

determinism

Question 4

considering one entity through its timeline

Answer 4

diachronic

Question 5

the philosophical view that reality consists of two equal and irreducible forces

Answer 5

dualism

Question 6

___ is the critical examination of gender in a social and political context (men/women/non-binary)

Answer 6

feminist anthropology

Question 7

____ is the political and economic model that dominated Europe until the fifteenth century, where monarchs had divine power to maintain control of crown land. Their people gave tribute, tax, surplus and labour in exchange for access to land and resources. This idealism was exported to colonies as well.

Answer 7

feudalism

Question 8

___: the reshaping of local conditions by powerful h]global forces on an ever-intensifying scale

Answer 8

globalization

Question 9

____ is the study of cultures in their own historical contexts

Answer 9

historical particularism

Question 10

the philosophical view that ideas- or the mind that produces such ideas- constitute the essence of human nature

Answer 10

idealism

Question 11

_____: a eurocentric concept of self-emerging from the Age of Enlightenment and capitalism; characterized by progress, technological advancement, and reason

Answer 11

modernity

Question 12

____ is the branch of anthropology that explains the idea that culture can be understood as a text to be interpreted and that focuses on meaning

Answer 12

interpretive anthropology

Question 13

the philosophical view that the activities of our physical bodies in the material world constitute the essence of human nature

Answer 13

materialism

Question 14

___ is the persistence of profound social and economic ties linking former colonial territories to their former colonial rulers despite political sovereignty

Answer 14

neocolonialism

Question 15

_____: a social structure thats organized around economic interests that are protected/enhanced through the use of political power

Answer 15

political economy

Question 16

______: the focus on the heterogeneity and complexity of colonial encounters and their enduring legacies

Answer 16

postcolonial anthropology

Question 17

_____: research thate xplores the interconnections among the sociocultural, political, economic, and historic conditions that make scientific research both possible and successful

Answer 17

science studies

Question 18

____ is the form of colonialism whereby domination is principally asserted by the displacement of Indigenous populations to secure the territory for a new population of settlers

Answer 18

settler-colonialism

Question 19

_____: the enduring aspects of the social forms in a society; including political and kinship systems

Answer 19

social structure

Question 20

a position that explores how a particular social forms function from day-to-day in order to reproduce the traditional structure of the society

Answer 20

structural-functional theory

Question 21

considering a number of entities in the same timeframe

Answer 21

synchronic

Question 22

____; a classification system based on the systematic organization unto types on the basis of shared qualities

Answer 22

typologies

Question 23

a nineteenth-century theory that proposed a series of stages through which all societies must go (or had gone) in order to reach civilization

Answer 23

unilineal cultural evolutionism