Unit 3 - Genetics

Question 1

Diploid

Answer 1

A cell with the full number of chromosomes (46 in humans)

Question 2

Locus

Answer 2

The location of a gene on a chromosome

Question 3

Codon

Answer 3

Three base sequence that codes for an amino acid

Question 4

Gamete

Answer 4

Sex cell (sperm and egg)

Question 5

Mutation

Answer 5

A change in a base of a gene

Question 6

Gene

Answer 6

Sequence of codons in a section of DNA that gives the instructions to make a protein

Question 7

Allele

Answer 7

Different forms of the same gene, found at the same locus

Question 8

Haploid

Answer 8

A cell with half the number of chromosomes (23 in humans)

Question 9

Homologous chromosomes

Answer 9

Chromosomes with the same genes at the same loci but not necessarily the same allele

Question 10

Nucleotide

Answer 10

The monomer of DNA made of a sugar, phosphate and base

Question 11

Somatic cells

Answer 11

Any cell that is not a gamete

Question 12

Deoxyribose

Answer 12

The sugar found in DNA

Question 13

Complementary base pairings

Answer 13

Adenine always pairing with thymine and guanine always pairing with cytosine