Unit 3 Exam Lab 12

Question 1

A Calorie or kilocalorie unit is used to measure food energy and is equal to the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of a __________ of water by ______________.

Answer 1

kilogram; 1 degree Centigrade

Question 2

The cells of the body can only utilize:

Answer 2

chemical energy in the form of ATP

Question 3

Which of the following statements best describes the approximate efficiency of the body in utilizing energy?
Group of answer choices

initially 80% converted to thermal energy, 20% converted to work energy.

initially 20% converted to thermal energy, 80% converted to work energy.

eventually all (100%) energy is converted to thermal energy

both a and c are true

Answer 3

both a and c are true

Question 4

The amount of energy put into a system is _____ the energy put out by the system.

Answer 4

the same as

Question 5

In the laboratory _____ was used to measure the metabolism of the Mr. Faust, the laboratory mouse and _____ was used to determine the metabolism of the human subject.

Answer 5

indirect calorimetry, indirect calorimetry

Question 6

When we measure actual heat produced by a subject to determine metabolic rate, we are using_____ calorimetry, and if we measure oxygen consumption, we are using _____ calorimetry.

Answer 6

direct; indirect

Question 7

The _____ gives us a relationship between heat production and oxygen consumption in the body that allows us to indirectly determine metabolic rates.

Answer 7

energy equivalent of oxygen

Question 8

The energy equivalent of oxygen is:

Answer 8

4.8 kcal heat produced for every liter of oxygen utilized

Question 9

As age increases, metabolic rate____

Answer 9

decreases

Question 10

How does ingestion of food affect metabolic rate?

Answer 10

increases resting metabolic rates

consisting primarily of proteins has a greater effect on metabolism than lipids or carbohydrates

Question 11

As circulating thyroxine (thyroid hormone) levels increase, metabolic rate ______.

Answer 11

increases

Question 12

Metabolic rate increases following the ingestion of caffeine because caffeine:
Group of answer choices

decreases parasympathetic nervous system activity.

stimulates thyroid hormone release.

inhibits phosphodiesterase activity causing more cAMP to be present and therefore enhance sympathetic pathways

increases the release of norepinephrine from sympathetic nerve endings

Answer 12

inhibits phosphodiesterase activity causing more cAMP to be present and therefore enhance sympathetic pathways

Question 13

What are the 5 specific conditions necessary for BMR measurements?

Answer 13

1. Test conducted 12+ hours after last meal
2. Test follows restful nights sleep
3. Subject should be awake/at rest 30-60 mins before test
4. Subject is reclining in quiet room/temp is 62-87 degrees
5. Subject’s body temp must be normal

Question 14

oxygen consumption units

Answer 14

total O2 (mL or L) utilized per unit of time

Question 15

heat production units

Answer 15

total heat produced (kcal) per unit of time

Question 16

metabolic rate (units used in human measurements) units

Answer 16

kcal/m2xhr

Question 17

metabolic rate (all species) units

Answer 17

volume in O2/time or kcal/time

Question 18

metabolic intensity units

Answer 18

volume in O2/(time x kg) or kcal/(kg x time)

Question 19

True or false:

The phrase kcal / (hr × m2) is the same as kcal / (m2 × hr) and the phrase O2 / (min × kg) is the same as O2 / ( kg × min) and both represent ways of expressing metabolic rate.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

FECO2 value

Answer 20

0.03-0.05

Question 21

FICO2 value

Answer 21

0.0004

Question 22

FEO2 value

Answer 22

0.16-0.17

Question 23

FIO2 value

Answer 23

0.2093

Question 24

VE value

Answer 24

~6 liters/min

Question 25

VO2 value

Answer 25

0.25-0.30 liters/min

Question 26

What does STPD stand for

Answer 26

standard temperature and pressure of a dry gas

Question 27

What 3 measurements in the laboratory are needed for the Haldane transformation

Answer 27

FECO2
FEO2
VE

Question 28

In Experiment #12 (Energy Metabolism), we compared the oxygen consumption, heat production and metabolic rate of a human and a mouse. Which of the following conclusions were you able to make?

Answer 28

The human has a higher total O2 consumption (liters /min), but lower metabolic rate measured in kcal/(kg × hr).

Question 29

What is the equation for metabolic intensity?

Answer 29

(X liters of O2 consumed/hr)(4.8 kcal/1 liter of O2 consumed)

Question 30

What is the equation for heat production and body weight?

Answer 30

heat production (kcal/hr)/body weight (kg)

Question 31

What is the equation for heat production and surface area?

Answer 31

heat production (kcal/hr)/surface area (m2)

Question 32

On a per kilogram basis (metabolic intensity or mass specific metabolic rate), the metabolic rate of smaller mammals is _____ larger mammals.

Answer 32

greater than

Question 33

as body size or weight increases, the total oxygen consumption or oxygen consumption per “animal” ______

Answer 33

increases

Question 34

as body weight increases, the total heat production _______

Answer 34

increases

Question 35

as surface area:weight ratio increases, metabolic intensity _______

Answer 35

increases

Question 36

volume equation

Answer 36

heat production (kcal/hr) x body weight (kg)