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BMS 302 Lab > Unit 2 Exam Lab 5 > Flashcards

Unit 2 Exam Lab 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Protein molecule for insulin binding, activates glucose transporter

A

insulin receptors

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2
Q

Storage form of glucose/animal starch

A

glycogen

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3
Q

Low blood glucose levels

A

hypoglycemia

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4
Q

Elevated glucose levels

A

hyperglycemia

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5
Q

glycogenesis

A

Glucose to glycogen

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6
Q

glycogenolysis

A

Glycogen to glucose

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7
Q

gluconeogenesis

A

Amino acids and glycerol to glucose

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8
Q

lipogenesis

A

glucose to lipids

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9
Q

Is lipogenesis a synthetic or degradative process?

Does it mostly occur following a meal or during a fasting state?

A

Synthetic

Following a meal

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10
Q

Is Glycogenolysis a synthetic or degradative process?

Does it mostly occur following a meal or during a fasting state?

A

Degradative

During fasting state

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11
Q

Is Glycogenesis a synthetic or degradative process?

Does it mostly occur following a meal or during a fasting state?

A

Synthetic

Following a meal

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12
Q

Is Lipolysis a synthetic or degradative process?

Does it mostly occur following a meal or during a fasting state?

A

Degradative

During a fasting state

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13
Q

Is Gluconeogenesis a synthetic or degradative process?

Does it mostly occur following a meal or during a fasting state?

A

Synthetic

During a fasting state

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14
Q

What two processes reduce blood glucose levels?

A

Glycogenesis and Lipogenesis

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15
Q

What two processes increases or returns blood glucose to the steady state level?

A

Glycogenolysis and Gluconeogenesis

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16
Q

Which three types of cells require the presence of insulin before glucose can be transported across the cell membrane?

A

Muscle cells, Adipose tissue, and other cells

17
Q

What cells in the pancreas are responsible for detecting changes (both increases and decreases) in blood glucose levels?

A

Beta Cells

18
Q

Which two metabolic processes are stimulated by or require the presence of insulin?

A

Glycogenesis and Lipogenesis

19
Q

What does glucagon do?

A

Increases blood glucose levels

20
Q

Which two metabolic processes are stimulated by glucagon in the liver?

A

glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis

21
Q

True or false : Only glucagon is released during fasting and only insulin is released following a meal.

A

False

22
Q

Which metabolic processes is stimulated by epinephrine?

A

Glycogenolysis

23
Q

Hyperglycemia

A

Glucose remains in the blood because it cannot be transported into cells for use and storage

24
Q

Glucosuria

A

Glucose is found in the urine

25
Q

Polyuria

A

Large quantities of fluids to be excreted in order to dilute the glucose in urine

26
Q

Polydipsia

A

Dehydration and increased thirst

27
Q

Acidosis

A

Ketones released for energy results in decreased blood pH

28
Q

What is Type 1 diabetes characterized by?

A

Decreased insulin production

29
Q

What is Type 2 diabetes characterized by?

A

Decreased insulin receptor or function

30
Q

Both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes are characterized by fasting blood glucose levels equal to or above ____%

A

126%

31
Q

What is Type 1 diabetes treated with?

A

Insulin injections

32
Q

What is Type 2 diabetes treated with?

A

Diet/exercise or oral medication that increases insulin production

33
Q

What is a diabetic coma characterized by?

A

Too little insulin and hyperglycemia

34
Q

What is diabetic shock characterized by?

A

Too much insulin and hypoglycemia

35
Q

What can a diabetic coma be treated with?

A

Insulin injections

36
Q

What can diabetic shock be treated with?

A

Glucose/glucagon injections

37
Q

What is normal fasting blood glucose levels?

A

60-110 mg%

38
Q

When reporting blood glucose levels units may be…

A

mg%
mg/dl
mg/100 ml

BMS 302 Lab (8 decks)

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