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BMS 302 Lab > Unit 3 Exam Lab 11 > Flashcards

Unit 3 Exam Lab 11 Flashcards

1
Q

Total Lung Capacity formula

A

TLC=IRV+ERV+TV+RV

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2
Q

Vital Capacity formula

A

VC=IRV+ERV+TV

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3
Q

Functional Residual Capacity formula

A

FRC=ERV+RV

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4
Q

Inspiratory Capacity formula

A

IC=IRV+TV

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5
Q

Tidal volume

A

Amount of air inhaled per breath during normal breathing

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6
Q

Inspiratory reserve volume

A

Amount of air that can be inspired above and beyond that can be inhaled during normal breathing

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7
Q

Expiratory reserve volume

A

Maximal amount of air that can be expired following normal breathing

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8
Q

Residual volume

A

Amount of air left in the lungs after a maximal expired effort

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9
Q

FEV1 and FEV3 normal values

A

FEV1: 75-85%
FEV3: >97%

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10
Q

Female and male normal values

A

Female: 4.6 liters
Male: 6.0 liters

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11
Q

Tidal volume at rest

A

0.5 liters

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12
Q

What is BTPS

A

Body temperature, ambient pressure, saturated gas

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13
Q

The composition of room air:

A

20.93% O2, 0.04% CO2, and 79% N2

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14
Q

Ventilation formula

A

Ventilation=TVxBR

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15
Q

Respiratory control system stimulus

A

Change in blood levels of CO2 and O2

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16
Q

Respiratory control system receptors

A

Chemoreceptors

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17
Q

Respiratory control system afferent pathway

A

Sensory neurons from chemoreceptors

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18
Q

Respiratory control system integrator

A

Respiratory center in the medulla

19
Q

Respiratory control system Somatic Efferent Pathway

A

Neurons to diaphragm and intercostal muscles

20
Q

Respiratory control system Autonomic Efferent Pathway

A

Sympathetic and parasympathetic to bronchiole smooth muscle

21
Q

Respiratory control system effectors

A

Bronchiole smooth muscle, diaphragm, intercostal muscles

22
Q

Respiratory control system response

A

Change in ventilation/breath rate to bring CO2 and O2 levels back to steady states

23
Q

What effects does hyperventilation have on O2 and CO2 blood levels?

A

No change in blood O2 levels
Decrease in blood CO2 levels

24
Q

What is the effect of hypocapnia on ventilation?

A

decreases

25
Q

What is the effect of hypercapnia on ventilation?

A

increases

26
Q

What is the effect of hypoxia on ventilation?

A

increases

27
Q

What is the effect of hyperoxia on ventilation?

A

has no effect

28
Q

Typical values for an end-expiratory sample of gas collected following a one minute breathold might be:

A

5-6% CO2

29
Q

What happens to oxygen levels in the blood during a breath-hold?

A

decreases

30
Q

What happens to carbon dioxide levels in the blood during a breath-hold?

A

increases

31
Q

Hyperventilation results in _____blood CO2 levels, which ____ breath-hold time, while breath-holding ______ blood CO2 levels resulting in _____ urge to breath.

A

decreased; increases; increases; an increased

32
Q

The Sympathetic Nervous System _____ smooth muscle contraction, which _____ diameter and _____ airway resistance.

A

decreases, increases, decreases

33
Q

The Paraympathetic Nervous System _____ smooth muscle contraction, which _____ diameter and _____ airway resistance.

A

increases, decreases, increases

34
Q

What is the most appropriate type (cholinergic or adrenergic) of agonist and/or antagonist for decreasing airway resistance? Select more than one.

Cholingergic Agonists

Cholinergic Antagonists

Adrenergic Agonists

Adrenergic Antagonists

A

Cholinergic Antagonists
Adrenergic Agonists

35
Q

Bronchitis cause

A

inflammation of airways caused by pollution, smoking or chronic infection

36
Q

Asthma cause

A

inflammatory response accompanied by bronchoconstriction

37
Q

Emphysema cause

A

smoking (in 90% of all cases) ultimately leading to a loss of surface area and air way collapse especially during exhalation

38
Q

Lung cancer cause

A

heredity and smoking

39
Q

Bronchitis treatment

A

remove source of irritation

40
Q

Asthma treatment

A

anti-inflammatory drugs and bronchodilators

41
Q

Emphysema treatment

A

stop smoking, supplemental oxygen

42
Q

Lung cancer treatment

A

surgery

43
Q

In subjects with normal lung function at sea level or moderate altitudes, ___________ has the greatest effect on increasing ventilation.

A

hypercapnia

BMS 302 Lab (8 decks)

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