Unit 3: DNA, RNA, Mutations, Genetics Technology

Question 1

Molecule used to store protein-building information

Answer 1

DNA

Question 2

Temporary, disposable copy of one part of DNA that codes for one protein (a “gene”)

Answer 2

RNA

Question 3

Three letters of the DNA code that code for one amino acid of a whole protein

Answer 3

Codon

Question 4

Messenger version of RNA that transports information from DNA to ribosome.

Answer 4

mRNA

Question 5

Delivery version of RNA that brings amino acid building blocks to ribosomes.

Answer 5

tRNA

Question 6

The RNA that makes up a ribosome.

Answer 6

rRNA

Question 7

Changes to DNA that mess up its code. Can be from radiation or chemicals or even viruses.

Answer 7

Mutation

Question 8

Letters in a codon are swapped out for another.

Answer 8

Substitution mutation

Question 9

Extra letter added

Answer 9

Insertion mutation

Question 10

Letter removed

Answer 10

Deletion mutation

Question 11

Error that screws up all amino acids and warps the shape of a protein

Answer 11

Frame Shift

Question 12

Mutation to DNA that does absolutely nothing.

Answer 12

Silent Mutation

Question 13

DNA tech that edits DNA using enzymes.

Answer 13

CRISPR

Question 14

Creatures with DNA from other creatures inserted in them.

Answer 14

Transgenic Organism

Question 15

Changing bacteria to generate a chemical foreign DNA. Oil eating bacteria are an example.

Answer 15

Bacteria Transformation

Question 16

Copying DNA into a new egg cell to make duplicate creatures.

Answer 16

Cloning

Question 17

Bacteria undergoing natural selection to quickly pass on drug resistance to other bacteria.

Answer 17

Antibiotic Resistance

Question 18

Taking DNA code and making a mRNA copy of one gene.

Answer 18

Transcription

Question 19

Turning a mRNA code into a protein using a ribosome.

Answer 19

Translation

Question 20

Enzyme that copies and proofreads DNA

Answer 20

DNA Polymerase

Question 21

Enzyme that makes RNA copy of DNA genes.

Answer 21

RNA Polymerase