Unit 2: Cell Structure and Function Flashcards
DNA storage center of eukaryotic cells
Nucleus
Simple protein producing structure. Reads mRNA
Ribosome
Regulates water and gases in and out of cell
Cell Membrane
Protective covering found on Bacteria, Plant, and Fungus cell walls.
Cell Wall
Nutrient rich “cell goo”
Cytoplasm
Structure covered in ribosomes that makes complicated proteins like enzymes.
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Makes most lipids
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Structure that stores enzymes for destroying things.
Lysosome
Creates vesicles for movement and vacuoles for storage.
Golgi Apparatus
Uses sugars and oxygen to power up ATP.
Mitochondria
A chemical that stores energy inside it for use by cells.
ATP
Chemical that uses sunlight to make sugar from water and carbon dioxide.
Chloroplast
Churro-shaped structure in charge of managing cell reproduction.
Centriole
Asexual reproduction in bacteria.
Binary Fission
Asexual reproduction in eukaryotic cells.
Mitosis
Meiosis
Sexual cell reproduction
Cell with membrane-protected structures and a nucleus.
Eukaryote (“true nut”)
Cell with ribosomes, circular DNA, and not much else.
Prokaryote (“before nut”)
Activation of genes in a stem cell to make it a specific cell
Cell Differentiation
Unique Cell that has no specific genes active yet.
Stem Cell
Whip-Like tail for movement (sperm cell)
Flagella
Small hair-like structures for movement (paramecium)
Cilia
Body extension for movement (like how a blob moves)
Pseudopod
