Unit 3 concept 1

Question 1

Metabolism

Answer 1

All the chemical reactions within each cell of an organism.

Question 2

Chemical reactions

Answer 2

The breaking and forming of bonds between different substances during chemical changes.

Question 3

Catabolic

Answer 3

Break down large molecules into simpler compounds -> a release in energy= exergonic.

Question 4

Anabolic

Answer 4

Build larger molecules from smaller ones -> requires consuming energy to do it= endergonic.

Question 5

Activation energy

Answer 5

The amount of energy needed to make a chemical reaction start.

Question 6

Reactant (Substrate)

Answer 6

Substances that are changed during a chemical reaction.

Question 7

Product

Answer 7

Substances that are made by a chemical reaction.

Question 8

Endothermic

Answer 8

Absorbs energy (in the form of heat or light)
EX: photosynthesis

Question 9

Exothermic

Answer 9

Releases energy (in the form of heat and light)
EX: cellular respiration

Question 10

Enzyme

Answer 10

Mostly proteins that speed up biochemical reaction by lowering the activation energy.

Question 11

Catalyst

Answer 11

Substances that speed up reactions without being permanently altered.

Question 12

Active site

Answer 12

Enzymes are very specific they have an active site that fits only one substrate (reactant).

Question 13

Denaturation

Answer 13

Enzymes active site gets deformed and loses its specific shape -> loss of biological activity.

Question 14

Summarize how energy changes during a chemical reaction as bonds are broken and formed

Answer 14

Breaking bonds require energy to be absorbed but forming bonds requires energy to be released.

Question 15

Explain the overall function of enzymes in biochemical reactions like photosynthesis and cellular respirations

Answer 15

They speed up biochemical reactions.

Question 16

Draw and label energy diagrams of biochemical reactions (endothermic AND exothermic), including products, reactants, and activation energy.

Question 17

Describe 5 factors that affect the rate of chemical reaction.

Answer 17

Temperature: An increase in temperature causes an increase in the reaction.

pH: How acidic a solution is.

Substrate concentration: The higher the amount of substrate the amount of the reaction.

Catalysts: Speeds up the reaction.

Competitive inhibitor: Slows the reaction