Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

IT X > Unit 3 Chap 9 & 10 (1-18) > Flashcards

Unit 3 Chap 9 & 10 (1-18) Flashcards

1
Q

What is a computer?

A

Electronic machine that stores, receives and processes data very quickly using a stored program.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is hardware?

A

Physical parts of the computer you can see & touch.

e.g. Screen, printer, keyboard

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a program/software?

A

Set of instructions to instruct computer to carry out a task

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a peripheral device?

A

Any piece of hardware which is external to the processor.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are input devices?

A

Devices used to get data into the computer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the CPU?

A

Central Processing Unit.

Brain of computer which carries out all processes.

e.g calculations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the motherboard?

A

Main printed circuit board. Contains COU, memory boards & other circuit boards required by computer system.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is a video card?

A

Printed circuit board which generates images for computer’s VDU. Can determine resolution & colours used on screen.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are output devices?

A

Devices which provide information output in a format humans can understand.

e.g. screen display & printouts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are backing stores?

A

Devices used to permanently store data when computer is switched off

e.g. hard disk, CD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is ASCII

A

American Standard Code for Information Interchange

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Diagram of the structure of a computer system?

A

Input —> CPU —-> Output

|

|

Storage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Give 5 input devices

A

Keyboard

Mouse

Tracker Pad

Joystick

Touch Screen

Scanner

Digital Camera

Graphics Digitiser

Microphone

Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is a keyboard made up of?

What are most keyboards called?

What sections is the keyboard arranged into?

A

Keys

QWERTY

Alphabet keys, Function, (F) keys, Numeric keys (2 sets),

Arrow keys command keys (Insert, delete)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Advantages of keyboards? (4)

A

Most computers come with a keyboard supplied

People are used to using them to enter data, no training

A skilled typist can enter data very quickly

Specialist keyboards are available (Ergonomic, gaming)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Disadvantages of keyboards? (5)

A

Easy to make mistakes when typing data

If you can’t touch type, it can be take ages to enter data

Not suitable for creating diagrams

Disabled people find them difficult to use

Excessive use can lead to R.S.I.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is a concept keyboard?

A

Can use a variety of programmed overlays.

Overlays allow keys to be defined as words or pictures.

Teachers can use them when kids are too young to understand a keyboard.

Use in fast food restaurants or vending machines.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are function keys?

A

Used for special pre-programmed functions within an application.

e.g. F4 in Excel sets an absolute cell address

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What does the control key do?

A

Holding it down & pressing other key combinations initiates different actions.

e.g. Ctrl + C = copy

Ctrl + V = paste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What does the shift key do?

A

Holding it with another key gives the 2nd character on key or capital letter for an alphabetic character.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the cursor keys used for?

A

Move cursor around a document

e.g. in Excel, move between cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is a hot key?

A

Any shortcut key or combination of keys.

When pressed, a task is carried out.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is a mouse also called?

What does it do?

What does it have?

What does left/right clicking do?

A

Pointing device

Enables you to control what happens on screen

Left & right button & central scrolling wheel

left = choose

right = menu

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Where do you get tracker pads?

A

Laptops

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Advantages of tracker pads (3)
Useful for laptops when mice aren't practical Pad's position is fixed, unlike a traditional mouse Short finger movements required to move the cursor
26
Disadvantages of tracker pads (3)
Takes practice & skill to control position Gloves can't be worn Moist, sweaty or calloused fingers can disrupt signals
27
What does a joystick do? What machines do they control?
Moves in many directions. Have buttons too. Cranes, trucks, powered wheelchairs
28
Advantage of joysticks (1)
Better gaming experience for racing or flying computer games
29
Disadvantages of joysticks (2)
More difficult to control than a traditional mouse Not very robust & break easily
30
Advantages of touch screens (2)
Easy to use - no training No extra peripherals e.g. mouse
31
Disadvantages of touch screens (4)
Not suitable for inputting large amounts of data Not very accurate - difficult with fingers Tiring to use for long periods More expensives than alternatives e.g. mouse
32
What are scanners used for? How do they work? What is the most popular type?
Convert images/text into a digital format. Shines a beam of light onto the surface of an object, light reflects onto a sensor which detects colour. This then builds up the digital image. Flatbed scanner
33
Advantages of scanners (3)
Very accurate & produce high quality images Any image can be included in electronic documents Can be enhanced with a graphics application
34
Disadvantages of scanners (3)
Can take up lots of memory space Lose some quality in scanning & digitising process Quality of final image depends on original image
35
What does a digital camera do?
Records images electronically on a memory card. They can be downloaded onto a computer & printed, stored or maniptulated with editing software. Can be deleted Quality depends on res/num of pixels.
36
Advantages of digital cameras (5)
No film needed, no developing costs to see picture Can be viewed immediately & deleted Can be edited, enlarged or enhanced Can be incorporated into documents/websites Extra memory sticks can be purchased for storage
37
Disadvantages of digital cameras (3)
More expensive than cameras with film Images often have to be compressed When memory is full, images must be downloaded or deleted before taking more pictures.
38
What are graphics digitisers for? What do they consist of?
Designers can create accurate drawings Flat pad (tablet) & stylus
39
Advantages of a graphics digitiser (2)
More natural to draw with a pencil style implement rather than a mouse Very accurate
40
Disadvantages of a graphics digitiser (2)
Not suitable for general selection work. More expensive than a mouse
41
How do microphones work?
Sound detected by microphone & electrical signal transmitted to computer Special hardware converts it into digital data.
42
What are MIDIs? How do they work?
Keyboards which are connected to a computer so when a person plays the keyboard, the frequency, pitch & other info is converted to digital info. Can be stored on computer & mixed.
43
Advantages of MIDI (3)
Music can be produced be people who aren't experts Can be easily edited without having to re-record the whole piece. Voice tracks can be integrated with the music ipad eg. garageband
44
What is a VDU? What is the average size? What is the picture made up of? What is an SVGA monitor? What are multimedia VDUs? What is multimedia?
Visual Display Unit 17 inches diagonally Pixels (resolution) Good quality, high resolution Monitors with built-in speakers & microphones Combination of text, graphics, voice, video & sound to produce a presentation/website
45
Give 3 types of output device
VDUs Speakers Printers
46
What are 4 types of printer?
Impact/dot matrix printer Ink Jet Printer Laser Printer Plotter
47
How do impact printers work? What do they create?
Strike tiny pins against a carbon ribbon. Very noisy. Carbon Copies
48
Advantages of impact printers (2)
Low operating costs (£50+) Carbon copies can be created by using carbonated paper
49
Disadvantages of impact printers (4)
Poor quality of print Very slow (200 CPS/Characters per second) Very noisy Can't produce colour copies.
50
How do inkjet printers work?
Fire a droplet of ink at page by boiling in microscopic tube & letting steam eject droplet
51
Advantages of inkjet printers (6)
Good resolution (300-600 dpi/dots per inch) 3ppm Cheap £50+ Small - ideal for home/office Light Very quiet Can print black & white or colour on same page
52
Disadvantages of inkjet printers (6)
Slow compare to laser printers Colour printing is slow Expensive consumables Cartridges replaced more frequently than laser Ink smudges in printout gets wet If left unused for long periods of time, cartridges dry out
53
What is used instead of ink in a laser printer? How is it fused onto the paper?
Powdered ink (toner) By heat & pressure
54
Advantages of laser printers (5)
Very high resolution (600-1200 dpi) High quality printouts ``` Very fast (10-20ppm/pages per minute) Almost silent ``` Running costs low (toner expensive but last long)
55
Disadvantages of laser printers (5)
Very expensive (£300+) Expensive to repair Can't use continuous/multi-part stationary for carbon copies Only A4 or A5 paper can be used Large & heavy
56
What are plotters for? When are penless plotters used? What are they used to create?
Accurate, high-quality diagrams High density drawings e.g. maps/circuit diagrams Architects plans, maps, advertising posters
57
Advantages of plotters (2)
Quality is as if an expert drew them Larger paper sizes can be used
58
Disadvantages of plotters (3)
Slow because each line is drawn separately More expensive Low quality text printouts
59
What do magnetic hard disks consist of? Where is data stored? What is their capacity? What is their access speed?
Metal disks mounted on a spindle. Read/write heaad on each surface. Both sides. 60 Gb Very fast
60
Give 3 optical disks
CD-ROMs Writeable CDs DVDs
61
How much storage in a CD? What is the access speed in a CD?
650Mb Fast
62
What is a WORM? What is a CD-ROM? What is a CD-R? What is a CD-RW? What is a DVD? What is a DAT?
Write Once Read Many times Compact Disk Read Only Memory Compact Disk Recordable Compact Disk ReWriteable Digital Audio Tape (Magnetic Tape Streamer)
63
What is the storage in a DVD? What is the access speed of a DVD?
17 Gb Fast
64
What is the storage in a USB Flash/pen drive? What sort of memory is it? What is the access speed?
128Mb - 2Gb Flash Fast
65
What is the storage in a Tape Streamer? What is the access speed?
60Gb Slow
66
What is the storage in a Blu Ray? What is the access speed?
50 Gb Very fast
67
What is ROM? What does it store? What sort of memory is it?
Read Only Memory Booting Part of Operating System Program Non volatile
68
What is RAM? What sort of memory is it? What is IAS? What is the size?
Random Access Memory Volatile Immediate Access Store 512 Mb
69
What is cache memory? What does it store? What sort of memory is it? Price?
Fast access RAM memory Recently & frequently accessed files (webpages) Volatile Expensive
70
What does the operating system do? Examples? (2) Where is it stored?
Enables hard & software to work together. Windows Vista & Xp Hard disk
71
What happens when you switch on a computer?
Power sent through circuits & CPU loads the boot program form the ROM chip. Tells CPU hardware & software in system. Checks everything is functioning properly & loads default operating system from hard disk.
72
4 tasks of the operating system
Share processor time between applications running Share RAM memory between applications running Manage devices connected to computer Provide a user interface
73
What is a GUI? What is also described as?
Graphical User Interface WIMP Application
74
What is WIMPs
Windows Icons Menus Pointers
75
What are windows?
Shows current tasks being performed. Each window has a title bar. Many windows can be open.
76
What are icons?
A picture that represents a file or command
77
What are menus?
List of options on a drop down menu in a window
78
What are pointers?
A cursor/arrow that can be moved about a window to make selections from menus.
79
What is resolution?
A measure of the quality of an image
80
What is a check digit?
A digit added to the beginning or end of a number to verify the number entered is an authentic code.
81
What is a blind carbon copy?
Sending an e-mail to recipients where they can can only see their own details and not those of other recipients.
82
What is a Bitmap
An image not optimised for use on the Internet
83
What is Digital?
A name used to describe data held in 1s and 0s

IT X (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions