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IT X > Hardware > Flashcards

Hardware Flashcards

1
Q

What is a computer?

A

A programmable machine that follows a set of instructions.

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2
Q

What is a computer system?

A

A collection of parts that work together and are controlled by the computer.

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3
Q

What is a PDA? What does it do?

A

Personal Digital Assistant. Browse internet, send & receive emails and display different types of media.

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4
Q

What is WAP? What is it?

A

Wireless Application Protocol. Set of standards that govern how they access the internet.

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5
Q

What is the most commonly used PC system?

A

Mobile Phones

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6
Q

Examples of embedded computer systems? (3)

A

Watch, calculator, mobile phone, music player, TV & microwave ovens.

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7
Q

What are embedded computer systems designed to do?

How much data do they need/process?

A

Carry out 1 or 2 specific tasks.

A small amount of data.

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8
Q

What are supercomputers and mainframes used for?

How much data do they process?

A

Fast & advanced calculations

A lot of data

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9
Q

What is hardware?

A

Physical components of the computer system

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10
Q

Examples of peripheral devices?

A

Mouse & keyboard

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11
Q

What is at the heart of any computer?

A

The CPU (Central Processing Unit)

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12
Q

What is the CPU?

A

Collection of electronic circuits that control the computer,.

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13
Q

What are all electronic components attached to?

A

The motherboard

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14
Q

What determines the amount and speed of application that can be made use of by the computer?

A

Memory

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15
Q

What is ROM?

A

Read Only Memory

Non-volatile. Basic instructions for computer.

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16
Q

What is RAM?

A

Random Access Memory

Volatile. Makes computer quicker.

17
Q

What type of data do computers use?

A

Digital Data (in 1’s and 0’s)

18
Q

What is a bit?

A

Binary Digit

19
Q

How many bits in a byte?

A

8 bits

20
Q

How many bytes is 1 kilobyte?

A

1024 bytes

21
Q

How many kilobytes is 1 megabyte?

A

1024 kilobytes

22
Q

How many megabytes is 1 gigabyte?

A

1024 megabytes

23
Q

How many gigabytes is 1 terabyte?

A

1024 gigabytes

24
Q 
Put the bytes in order:
1 bit
1 terabyte
1 kilobyte
1 gigabyte
1 megabyte
1 byte
A 
1 bit
1 byte
1 kilobyte
1 megabyte
1 gigabyte
1 terabyte
25
Q

What is a mouse for?

A

Moving a pointer around a screen & selecting options by clicking on icons.

26
Q

What is a keyboard for?

A

Enables user to enter characters e.g. typing a letter

27
Q

What is a scanner for?

A

Digitizes image or other items from hard copy form (paper)

28
Q

What are webcams & microphones for?

A

To chat to people & take part in video conferencing.

29
Q

What are joysticks for?

A

For gamers to control on-screen objects during play.

30
Q

What are touchscreens for?

A

Data input in shopping centers and railway stations.

31
Q

What is a Barcode Reader used for?

A

Supermarket checkouts to read barcodes on items & information, such as price, is received from the shop’s database.

32
Q

What is an OMR? What is it used for?

A

Optical Mark Reader

Multiple choice answer sheets in exams. Reads the answers.

33
Q

What is an OCR? What is it used for?

A

Optical Character Recognition
Read humanly recognisable letters.
Used by utility companies to produce editable documents from hard copies. Also used by speed cameras to read registrations of speeding vehicles.

34
Q

What is an MICR? What is it used for?

A

Magnetic Ink Character Recognition.

When accuracy is critical. - banking for printing account numbers and sorting codes on the bottom of cheques.

35
Q

What are 2 input devices for disabled people?

A

Tracker Balls

Puff Suck Switch

36
Q

What are 3 things that sensors can detect?

A

Temperature, light & pH

37
Q

What form do sensors collect information in?

A

Analog form

38
Q

What do data loggers do?

A

Convert analog data (sensors) to digital signals and also store readings.

IT X (13 decks)

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