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Biology > Unit 3: Cells > Flashcards

Unit 3: Cells Flashcards

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1
Q

1

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Eyepiece

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2
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2

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Arm

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3
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3

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Coarse adjustment

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4
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4

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Fine adjustment

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5
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5

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Base

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6
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6

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Nosepiece

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7
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7

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Objective lense

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8

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Stage

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9
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9

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Diaphragm

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10
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10

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Light source

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11
Q

The ocular lens is 10x. The objective lens is 40x. What is the total magnification?

A

400x

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12
Q

How do you increase the magnification on a microscope?

A

Rotate the nosepiece

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13
Q

What Hooke did in 1665

A

Saw small boxes in cork. Called them cells

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14
Q

what did Leeuwenhook do in 1675

A

Saw living cells

observed living things in pond

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15
Q

what did Schleiden do in 1838

A

Showed that all plants were made of cells

discovered thats plants are made of cells

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16
Q

what did Schwann do in 1839

A

Showed that all animals were made of cells

discovered animals are made of cells

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17
Q

what did Virchow do in 1858

A

Showed that cells come from other cells

discovered cells come from other cells

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18
Q

three parts of cell theory

A
  1. all living things are made of cells
  2. cells are the building blocks of life
  3. cells come from pre-existing cells
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19
Q

simple cells without a nucleus are

A

prokaryotes

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20
Q

complex cells with a nucleus are

A

eukaryotes

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21
Q

what are two things that all cells have

A
  • DNA
  • cell membrane
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22
Q

Cell type is bacteria

Does it have a
- Membrane
- Wall
- Capsule

A
  • Membrane: Yes
  • Wall: Yes
  • Capsule: Some
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23
Q

Cell type is Plant

Does it have a
- Membrane
- Wall
- Capsule

A
  • Membrane: Yes
  • Wall: Yes
  • Capsule: No
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24
Q

Cell type is animal

Does it have a
- Membrane
- Wall
- Capsule

A
  • Membrane: Yes
  • Wall: No
  • Capsule: Nope
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25
Q

what does a nucleus do

A
  • Controls the cell
  • Contains DNA
26
Q

What does a nucleolus do?

A

Makes ribosomes

27
Q

what does a mitochondria do

A
  • Powerhouse of cell
  • Provides energy
28
Q

what does a chloroplast do

A

Converts light energy to food

29
Q

what does the endoplasmic reticulum do

A
  • Transports materials
  • Makes lipids
30
Q

what does a golgi body do

A

Packages and exports proteins

31
Q

what do lysosomes do

A

Breaks down waste

32
Q

What does a cytoskeleton do

A

Supports the cell interior

33
Q

what does a cell membrane do

A

controls what enters/leaves the cell

34
Q

what does a cell wall do

A

supports the cell

35
Q

what is a cell membrane made of

A
  • Phospholipids
  • Proteins
36
Q

What type of cell (Animal, Plant, or both) has a Nucleus

A

Both

37
Q

What type of cell (Animal, Plant, or both) has a Nucleolus

A

Both

38
Q

What type of cell (Animal, Plant, or both) has a Mitochondria

A

Both

39
Q

What type of cell (Animal, Plant, or both) has a Chloroplast

A

Plant

40
Q

What type of cell (Animal, Plant, or both) has a Endoplasmic Reticulum

A

Both

41
Q

What type of cell (Animal, Plant, or both) has a Golgi Body

A

Both

42
Q

What type of cell (Animal, Plant, or both) has a Lysosome

A

Both

43
Q

What type of cell (Animal, Plant, or both) has a Cytoskeleton

A

Both

44
Q

What type of cell (Animal, Plant, or both) has a Cell Membrane

A

Both

45
Q

What type of cell (Animal, Plant, or both) has a Cell Wall

A

Plant

46
Q

what is the difference between
active and passive transport

A
  • active requires energy input from the cell
  • passive does not
47
Q

two kinds of passive transport

A
  • diffusion
  • facilitated diffusion
48
Q

three kinds of active transport

A
  • Protein pumps
  • exocytosis
  • endocytosis
49
Q

what is it called when molecules in a fluid disburse until they are evenly distributed

A

equilibrium

50
Q

Molecules tend to move from an area of ____ concentration to an area of ____ concentration

A

high to low

51
Q

what is osmosis

A

Diffusion of water across a semi-permeable membrane

52
Q

what happens to a cell in a istonic solution

A

it stays the same

53
Q

what happens to a cell in a hypotonic solution

A

it will fill with water and may expand or burst

54
Q

what happens to a cell in a hypertonic solution

A

It will lose water and shrink

55
Q

a plant cell in a hypotonic solution will experience increased

A

turgor pressue

56
Q

a plant cell in a hypertonic solution will experience

A

plasmolysis

57
Q

which is the phospholipid

A

top right arrow

58
Q

which is the fatty acid

A

middle right arrow

59
Q

which is the phosphate head

A

bottom right arrow

60
Q

which is the protein pump

A

left arrow

61
Q

why are small cel able to survive better than large cells

A

they have a high surface area to volume ratio and it is easier to replace smaller cells

Biology (12 decks)

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