Characteristics Of Life Notes Flashcards
The scientific term for a living thing is _____
Organism
Organism that consists of many cells (humans, dogs, trees, etc)
Multicellular
Organism that consists of only a single cell (amoeba, bacteria, parmecium, etc)
Unicellular
Cells are highly ____ for certain functions
Specialized
Some examples of cells are
- blood cells
- nerve cells
- skin cells
- Type of reproduction where one cell splits into two new cells
- Only one parent
Asexual
- Type of reproduction where two cells (sperm and egg) combine to form one cell
- two parents combining DNA
Sexual
Organisms have traits determined by a molecule called ____
DNA = deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA is also called ____
Genetic Code
All organisms being life as ____ cells
Single
The type of cell growth and development where cells increase in size
Cell Growth
They type of cell growth and development where cells increase in number
Cell Division
Individual cells obtain materials through specialized ____
Cell membranes
Multicellular organisms obtain materials through specialized ____
Cells
____ is the ability to make things change (and power life’s processes).
Energy
There are ___ ways to obtain energy
Two
The type of organism that makes its own food by photosynthesis
Autotroph
The type of organism that eats other organisms
Heterotrophs
A ____ is a change in the environment that leads to a response from an organism
Stimulus
Examples of stimuli include
- weather
- predators
- chemicals
Organisms respond to stimuli in order to
- avoid danger
- find a mate
- avoid toxins
The process by which organisms maintain a stable internal environment
Homeostasis
Homeostasis is the process by which organisms maintain a
Stable internal environment
An example of homeostasis is
Controlling your internal temperature
How do humans control their internal temperature in homeostasis?
- shiver when cold
- sweat when wet
Populations of organisms can ____ over time
Change
Populations ____ to their environment
Adapt
Populations changing over time and/or adapting to their environment is called
Evolution
Name the steps of a science investigation in the correct order
1) Question
2) Hypothesis
3) Procedure
4) Data Analysis
5) Conclusion
Process by which plants take in energy
Photosynthesis
Provide an example of a stimulus and response
- Stimulus: Raining (bad weather)
- Response: Going inside to not be impacted by the rain/bad weather
Basic Unit of Life
Cell
Rank levels of organization in living things (small to large)
- Atom
- Molecule
- Macromolecule
- Cell
- Tissue
- Organ
- Organ System
- Organism
- Population
- Community
- Ecosystem
3 examples of cells
- Blood cell
- Bone Cell
- Fat cell
- Nerve cells
3 examples of tissues
- Skin tissue (Epithelial)
- Muscle tissue
- Nervous tissue
3 organs found in humans
- Stomach
- Heart
- Lung
2 organs found in many plants
- Shoot System
- Root system
Example of an organ system
- Digestive system
All members of a species in one area make up a:
- Community
All living things in an area
Ecosystem
What is the independent variable in an experiment:
Variable you manipulate/change/vary in an experiment
What is the dependent variable in an experiment
Variables that depend on the independent variable (change based on how the independent variable changes)
What is a Hypothesis
Concept or idea you test through experimentation/research
What is a constant in an experiment
Quantity that does not change in an experiment
What are the 8 characteristics of living things
1) Homeostasis
2) Response to stimuli
3) Growth and development
4) Reproduction
5) Cellular organization
6) Uses energy (metabolism)
7) Genetic Code (heredity)
8) Evolution (adaptation through evolution)
When should you use a line graph?
- track data over time (long or short)
- track changes over time across multiple groups
OVER TIME
When should you use a bar graph?
- To compare information over different groups
- track change over LARGE time spans
