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Psych > Unit 3- Biological Bases of Behavior (modules 9-14) > Flashcards

Unit 3- Biological Bases of Behavior (modules 9-14) Flashcards

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1
Q

somatic nervous system function:

A

controls voluntary movements of skeletal muscles

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2
Q

aka of somatic nervous system

A

skeletal nervous system

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3
Q

autonomic nervous system function

A

controls self regulated action of internal organs and glands

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4
Q

parasympathetic nervous system function:

A

calms you down and conserves energy. you should typically be calm!

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5
Q

sympathetic nervous system function:

A

mobilizes in stressful situations arouses/ try’s to mobilizes the body (fight or flight)

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6
Q

3 types of neurons:

A

sensory, motor, and interneurons

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7
Q

sensory neurons:

A

carry incoming info from sensory receptors to brain and spinal cord (ex: crash course -> learn it)

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8
Q

motor (efferent) neurons:

A

carry out info from brain and spinal cord to muscles and glands (“oh ____on their phone?” moultons gonna slap them!”

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9
Q

interneurons neurons

A

communicate internally (in brain and spinal cord) and they intervene- goes with spinal reflex (ex: touch flame, spinal cord makes you move away before brain even knows)

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10
Q

dopamine

A

movement, learning attention, and emotions (too much = schizophrenia, not enough = parkinson’s)

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11
Q

serotonin

A

affects mood, hunger, sleep, and arousal (not enough = depression, wounds don’t heal as well)

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12
Q

norepinephrine

A

helps control alertness and arousal (not enough = depression)

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13
Q

GABA

A

a major inhibitory neurotransmitter (not enough = seizures)

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14
Q

acetylcholine

A

enables muscle action, learning, and memory (low on it = more likely to get alzheimer’s)

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15
Q

endorphins

A

morphine within. linked to pain control and pleasure.

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16
Q

glutamate

A

a major excitatory neurotransmitter, involved in memory (too much overstimulates brain, migraine or seizures)

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17
Q

agonists

A

a molecule that by binding to a receptor site will stimulate a response (“hug 4 responses?”)

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18
Q

antagonists

A

a molecule that by binding to a receptor site, inhibits a response (“hug 4 no response?”)

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19
Q

medulla

A

base of brainstorm. controls heartbeat and breathing

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20
Q

pons

A

unconscious movement from sleeping to breathing

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21
Q

cerebellum

A

“little brain”- processing sensory inputs, coordinates movement output and balance. enables nonverbal learning and movement

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22
Q

reticular formation

A

“information highway” nerve network controls arousal (in brainstem)

23
Q

brainstem

A

oldest part of brain, responsible for automatic survival functions

24
Q

thalamus

A

sensory switch board. directs messages to sensory receiving areas in cortex and transmits replies to cerebellum and medulla (on top of brainstem)

25
Q

MRI

A

uses magnetic fields and radio waves to make computer generated images of soft tissue to show brain anatomy

26
Q

fMRI

A

reveals blood flow and brain activity by comparing successive MRI scans shows function and structure

27
Q

CAT

A

X ray pics of different angles compiled together to show your whole

28
Q

PET

A

visual display of brain activity, detects where radioactivity form of glucose goes while brain performs tasks (usually used to find cancer)

29
Q

EEG

A

recording of brain waves on brains surface. measured by electrodes placed on scalp

30
Q

lesioning

A

tissue destruction. brain lesion is a naturally or experimentally caused destruction of brain tissue

31
Q

corpus callosum

A

axon fibers connecting 2 hemispheres and has them communicate

32
Q

cerebral cortex

A

the intricate fabric of interconnected nueral cells covering the hemispheres. (Body’s ultimate control and information processing center)

33
Q

limbic system

A

donut shaped neural system. located below cerebral hemisphere. associated with emotions and drives

34
Q

hippocampus

A

conscious memory- stores new memories facts or events

35
Q

thalamus

A

sensory switch board. directs messages to sensory receiving areas in cortex and transmits replies to cerebellum and medulla

36
Q

hypothalamus

A

body maintenance

37
Q

amygdala

A

emotions aggression and fear. fight or flight (2 lima bean sized neuron clusters in limbic system)

38
Q

spinal cord

A

pathway for neural fibers traveling to and from brain. controls simple reflex’s

39
Q

adrenal gland

A

sits above kidneys, secrete hormones helps arouse body in times of stress

40
Q

pituitary gland

A

MASTER GLAND. regulate s growth and controls other endocrine glands controlled by hypothalamus

41
Q

endocrine system

A

the body’s slow chemical communication system; a set of glands that secret hormones into bloodstream

42
Q

thyroid

A

affect metabolism

43
Q

central and peripheral

A

main parts of nervous system

44
Q

spinal reflex

A

simple automatic response to a sensory stimulus such as a knee jerk response

45
Q

action potential

A

neural impulse- electrical charge traveling down the axon (process of it happening)

46
Q

stimulus threshold

A

the level required to trigger a neural impulse

47
Q

all-or-none law

A

a neurons reaction of either firing (w/ full strength responses or not firing) Ex: flush toilet

48
Q

resting potential

A

negative neurons inside axon. postive neurons outside axons (nothing comes through)

49
Q

synapse

A

(the gap) the junction between axon tip of the sending neuron and dendrite/ cell body of recieving

50
Q

neurotransmitter

A

chemical messengers that cross the synapse gap between neurons

51
Q

reuptake

A

a neurotransmitters reabsorbtion by the sending neuron

52
Q

depolarization

A

a change (super fast)

53
Q

plasticity

A

brains ability to change especially during childhood by reorganizing after damage or by building new habits pathways based on experience

Psych (12 decks)

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