Unit 3 AOS 2: Classical Conditiong (1) Flashcards
1
Q
What is learning?
A
- Permanent change in behaviour due to experience
2
Q
What is memory?
A
Process of,
- Encoding
- Storage
- Retrieval of information
3
Q
Neural plasticity
A
- Proliferation: multipication of neurons
- Migration: neurons moving to where they need to go
- Circuit formation: two neurons form a circuit
- Synaptic pruning: getting rid of neurons you don’t use so others can be strengthened
- Myelination: refers to the axon being covered in myelin to protect + speed messages
4
Q
What is long term potentiation?
A
- Long lasting strengthening of synaptic connections
- Results in enhanced/more effective synaptic connections
5
Q
What is long term depression?
A
- Decrease in the strength of synaptic connections
- Due to lack of stimulation
6
Q
What is glutamate?
A
- Main excitatory neurotransmitter
- Responsible for memory and learning
- Promotes growth and strengthening of synaptic connections: synaptic plasticity
- Plays a vital role in LTP/LTD as an increase continues to excite post-synaptic neuron which makes connections stronger
7
Q
Role of adrenaline
A
- Important for encoding emotional memories
- Ensures memory strength relates to memory importance
- Affects memory consolidation by activating amygdala
8
Q
What is involved in classical conditioning?
A
- Neutral stimulus
- Unconditioned stimulus
- Unconditioned response
- Conditioned stimulus
- Conditioned response
- Extinction
- Spontaneous recovery
- Stimulus generalisation
- Stimulus discrimination
9
Q
What is classical conditioning?
A
- Simple form of learning
- Occurs through repeated association of two different stimuli to produce a naturally occurring response
- Learner is passive
10
Q
What is neutral stimulus?
A
- Produces no naturally occurring response
11
Q
What is unconditioned stimulus?
A
- Something presented which causes a naturally occurring response
12
Q
What is an unconditioned response?
A
- Reaction of the unconditioned stimulus
13
Q
What is a conditioned stimulus?
A
- Something repeatedly paired with an unconditioned stimulus which produces a conditioned response
14
Q
What is a conditioned response?
A
- Reaction of the conditioned stimulus
15
Q
What is extinction?
A
- Conditioned response no longer occurs
- Due to a lack of pairing unconditioned stimulus with a conditioned stimulus
16
Q
What is spontaneous recovery?
A
- Reappearance of conditioned response after a conditioned stimulus is presented after the extinction and rest period
17
Q
What is stimulus generalisation?
A
- Is when a stimuli similar to the conditioned stimulus causes a similar response to the conditioned response
18
Q
What is stimulus discrimination?
A
- When an individual only makes a conditioned response to a conditioned stimulus and not to other stimuli that are similar
19
Q
Hints and Tips
A
- NS and CS are always the same
- UCR and CR are always the same
