Unit 3 Anxiety and Obsessive Compulsive Disorders Chapter 15 Flashcards
What is Anxiety
Anxiety is a universal human experience and is among the most basic of emotions.
Anxiety is a feeling of apprehension, uneasiness, uncertainty, or dread resulting from a real or perceived threat.
Fear is a reaction to a specific danger, whereas anxiety is a vague sense of dread related to an unspecified or unknown danger.
Mild anxiety
A person experiencing a mild level of anxiety sees, hears, and grasps more information, and problem solving becomes more effective.
Physical Symptoms
Physical symptoms may include slight discomfort, restlessness, irritability, or mild tension-relieving behaviors (e.g., nail biting, foot or finger tapping, fidgeting).
Moderate Anxiety
As anxiety increases, the perceptual field narrows, and some details are excluded from observation. The person experienc- ing moderate anxiety sees, hears, and grasps less information and may demonstrate selective inattention, where only certain things in the environment are seen or heard unless they are pointed out. The ability to think clearly is hampered, but learning and problem solving can still take place, though not at an optimal level.
physical symptoms
The individual may experience tension, a pounding heart, increased pulse and respiratory rates, perspiration, and mild somatic symptoms (e.g., gastric discomfort, headache, uri- nary urgency). Voice tremors and shaking may be noticed.
difficulty concentrating
-selective inatenttion
Severe Anxiety
A person with severe anxiety may focus on one particular detail or on many scattered details and have diffi- culty noticing what is going on in the environment, even when another person points it out. Learning and problem solving are not possible at this level, and the person may be dazed and con- fused.
Physical symptoms- IMPENDING DOOM
Behavior is automatic and aimed at reducing or relieving anxiety. Somatic symptoms (e.g., headache, nausea, dizziness,insomnia) often increase. Trembling and a pounding heart are common, and the person may experience hyperventilation and a sense of impending doom or dread.
Panic Attack
Panic is the most extreme level of anxiety and results in mark- edly dysregulated behavior. Someone in a state of panic is unable to process what is going on in the environment and may lose touch with reality. The behavior that results may be manifested as pacing, running, shouting, screaming, or with- drawal.
LOSS SENSE OF REALITY
PHYSICAL SYMPTOMS
The behavior that results may be manifested as pacing, running, shouting, screaming, or with- drawal. Hallucinations, which are false sensory perceptions, such as seeing something that is not really there or hearing voices, may be experienced. Physical behavior may become erratic, uncoordinated, and impulsive.
Physical behavior may become erratic or impulsive
- Slight discomfort
- Attention-seeking behavior
- Restlessness
- Easily startled
- Irritability or impatience
- Mild tension-relieving behavior (foot or
- finger tapping, lip chewing, fidgeting)
What category is these symptoms according to the different stages of anxiety
A. Mild
B. Moderate
C. Severe
D. Panic
A. Mild
- Voice tremors
- Change in voice pitch
- Poor concentration
- Shakiness
- Somatic complaints (urinary frequency,
- headache, backache, insomnia) Increased respiration, pulse, and muscle
- tension
More tension-relieving behavior (pacing,
banging hands on table)
What category is these symptoms according to the different stages of anxiety
A. Mild
B. Moderate
C. Severe
D. Panic
B. Moderate
- Feelings of dread
- Confusion
- Purposeless activity
- Sense of impending doom
- More intense somatic complaints
- (chest discomfort, dizziness,
- nausea, sleeplessness) Diaphoresis (sweating) Withdrawal
- Loud and rapid speech
- Threats and demands
What category is these symptoms according to the different stages of anxiety
A. Mild
B. Moderate
C. Severe
D. Panic
C. Severe
- Experience of terror
- Immobility, severe hyperactivity, or flight Unintelligible communication or inability to speak Amplified or muffled sounds
- Somatic complaints increase (numbness or tingling, shortness of breath, dizziness, chest pain, nausea, trembling, chills, overheating, palpitations)
- Severe withdrawal Hallucinations or delusions Likely out of touch with reality
What category is these symptoms according to the different stages of anxiety
A. Mild
B. Moderate
C. Severe
D. Panic
D. Panic
What is Separation Anxiety disorder?
People with Separation disorder exhibit developmentally inappropriate levels of con- cern over being away from a significant other.
Separation anxiety is a normal part of infant development that begins around 8 months of age, peaks at about 18 months, and begins to decline after that.
Signs and Symptoms of a patient with Separation Anxiety
-Gi disturbances
-Headache
-harm
-avoidance,
-worry,
-shyness,
-uncertainty,
-fatigability, and a lack of self-direction. Fear of separation is accom- panied by a significant level of discomfort and disability that impairs social and occupational functioning.
There may also be fear that something horrible will happen to the other person and that it will result in permanent separation. The anxiety is so intense that it distracts sufferers from their normal activities and causes sleep disruptions and nightmares. The separation anxiety is often manifested in physical symptoms, such as gas- trointestinal disturbances and headaches.
Which of the following can cause separation anxiety?
A. Loss of Mother
B.Debt
C. Extreme temperatures
D.Giving birth
A. Loss of Mother
Environmental stresses—such as a significant loss through death of a relative or pet, separation from significant others, or a change in environment by moving or immigration—can bring about symptoms of this disorder. A physical or sexual assault may also precede symptoms. Inherited traits such as neuroticism may play a role in separation anxiety disorder.
What is a Phobia
A specific phobia is a persistent irrational fear of a specific object, activity, or situation that leads to a desire for avoidance or actual avoidance of the object, activity, or situation. Specific phobias are characterized by the experience of high levels of anxiety or fear in response to certain objects or situations—for example, dogs, spiders, heights, storms, water, blood, closed spaces, tunnels, and bridges.
High levels of anxiety or fear,
overwhelming and crippling
Daily functioning is
compromised
Activities are restricted
Match each Clinical Name with each Phobia
Acrophobia Open spaces
Agoraphobia Heights
Astraphobia Electricalstorms
Claustrophobia Closed spaces
Glossophobia Talking
Hematophobia Blood
Hydrophobia Water
Monophobia Being alone
Mysophobia Germs or dirt
Nyctophobia Darkness
Pyrophobia Fire
Xenophobia Strangers
Zoophobia Animals
Acrophobia Heights
Agoraphobia Open spaces
Astraphobia Electrical storms
Claustrophobia Closed spaces
Glossophobia Talking
Hematophobia Blood
Hydrophobia Water
Monophobia Being alone
Mysophobia Germs or dirt
Nyctophobia Darkness
Pyrophobia Fire
Xenophobia Strangers
Zoophobia Animals
What is Social anxiety disorder?
Social anxiety disorder, also called social phobia, is character- ized by severe anxiety or fear provoked by exposure to a social or a performance situation that could be evaluated negatively by others.
-fear of looking bad infront of people
What can trigger Social Anxiety Disorder
Situations that trigger this distress include
*fear of say-ing something that sounds foolish in public,
*not being able to answer questions in a classroom,
*looking awkward while eating or drinking in public, and
* performing badly on stage.
You as a pediatric nurse is caring for a 4 year old child. The child hides behind his parent when you try to introduce yourself to him. Which of the following disorders is the child displaying?
A. Panic disorder
B. Separation anxiety disorder
C. Social anxiety Disorder
D. Agoraphobia disorder
C. Social anxiety Disorder
Small children with this disorder may be mute and nervous and may hide behind their parents.
Behavior of older children with Social anxiety Disorder?
*Older children and adoles- cents may be paralyzed by fear of speaking in class or interacting with peers.
*Worry over saying the wrong thing or being criticized immobilizes them.
*Conversely, younger people may act out to compensate for this fear, making an accurate diagnosis more difficult.
This anxiety often results in physical complaints that can help the person to avoid social situations, particularly school.
Risk factors for social anxiety disorder
Risk factors for social anxiety disorder include childhood mistreatment and adverse childhood experiences. The trait of shyness is also strongly heritable. Having parents who are shy carries a double risk of genetic transmission and parental modeling.
What is the key factor of panic disorders?
A. Impulsiveness
B. Panic attacks
C. Irritability
D. Halluciantions
Panic attacks are the key feature of panic disorder.
Does Panick attacks occur suddenly Or routinely?
A. Suddenly
B. Routinely
A. Suddenly
People experiencing panic attacks may believe that they are losing their minds or having a heart attack. Typically, panic attacks come “out of the blue” (i.e., suddenly and not necessarily in response